Table of Contents
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WELLNESS NUTRITION
AND THE NURSING ROLE |
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1 |
Wellness
Nutrition |
2 |
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Role in Wellness |
2 |
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Definition of Health |
4 |
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Health Promotion |
5 |
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Definition of
Wellness |
7 |
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Disease Prevention
through Nutrition |
7 |
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Overview of
Nutrients within the Body |
8 |
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Food, Energy, and
Nutrients |
9 |
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Dietary Standards |
11 |
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Adequate Eating
Patterns |
13 |
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Nutritional
Assessment |
14 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: |
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Summary |
18 |
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2 |
Personal and Community Nutrition |
21 |
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Role in Wellness |
21 |
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Community Nutrition |
22 |
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Food Guides |
25 |
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Consumer Food
Decision Making |
30 |
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Consumer Information
and Wellness |
32 |
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Food Safety |
36 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Locus of Control |
43 |
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Summary |
43 |
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PART 2 |
NUTRIENTS, FOOD,
AND HEALTH |
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3 |
Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism |
48 |
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Role in Wellness |
48 |
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Digestion |
48 |
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Absorption |
54 |
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Metabolism |
57 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
57 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Contracting |
60 |
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Summary |
61 |
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4 |
Carbohydrates |
64 |
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Role in Wellness |
64 |
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Food Sources |
66 |
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Carbohydrate as a
Nutrient within the Body |
66 |
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Simple Carbohydrates |
71 |
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Complex Carbohydrates:
Polysaccharides |
76 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
82 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Tailoring |
83 |
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Summary |
84 |
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5 |
Fats |
87 |
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Role in Wellness |
87 |
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Functions |
87 |
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Structure and
Sources of Lipids |
89 |
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Fat as a Nutrient
within the Body |
93 |
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Fat Intake and Issues |
95 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
102 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Gradual Reduction |
105 |
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Summary |
106 |
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6 |
Protein |
109 |
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Role in Wellness |
109 |
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Structure of Protein |
109 |
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Protein as a
Nutrient within the Body |
111 |
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Functions |
115 |
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Food Sources |
116 |
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Vegetarianism |
119 |
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Dietary Patterns of
Protein |
120 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
123 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Chaining |
126 |
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Summary |
126 |
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7 |
Vitamins |
129 |
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Role in Wellness |
129 |
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Vitamin Categories |
132 |
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Food Sources |
132 |
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Water-Soluble
Vitamins |
132 |
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Fat-Soluble Vitamins |
143 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
150 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Social Support |
152 |
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Summary |
152 |
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8 |
Water and Minerals |
155 |
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Role in Wellness |
155 |
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Minerals |
161 |
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Major Minerals |
165 |
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Electrolytes: Sodium,
Potassium, and Chloride |
171 |
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Trace Minerals |
174 |
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Other Trace Minerals |
180 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
180 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: |
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Summary |
183 |
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PART 3 |
HEALTH
PROMOTION THROUGH NUTRITION AND NURSING PRACTICE |
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9 |
Energy Supply and Fitness |
188 |
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Role in Wellness |
188 |
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Energy |
188 |
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Energy Balance |
192 |
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Fitness |
194 |
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Food and Athletic
Performance |
199 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
204 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Modeling |
205 |
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Summary |
206 |
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10 |
Management of Body Composition |
209 |
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Role in Wellness |
209 |
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Body Composition,
Body Image, and Culture |
209 |
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Management of Body
Fat Composition |
211 |
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Healthy Body Fat |
217 |
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Regulation of Body
Fat Level |
220 |
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Developing a
Personal Approach |
228 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
232 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Explanatory Style |
233 |
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Summary |
234 |
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11 |
Life Span Health Promotion:
Pregnancy, Lactation, and Infancy |
237 |
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Role in Wellness |
237 |
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Nutrition During
Pregnancy |
238 |
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Nutrition During
Lactation |
247 |
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Nutrition During
Infancy |
251 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Reframing |
256 |
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Summary |
256 |
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12 |
Life Span Health Promotion: Childhood
and Adolescence |
260 |
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Role in Wellness |
260 |
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Life Span Health
Promotion |
260 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
270 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Psychosocial Development |
281 |
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Summary |
282 |
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13 |
Life Span Health Promotion: Adulthood |
286 |
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Role in Wellness |
286 |
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Aging and Nutrition |
286 |
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Stages of Adulthood |
287 |
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Adult Health
Promotion |
293 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
297 |
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Toward a Positive
Nutrition Lifestyle: Rationalizing |
299 |
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Summary |
300 |
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PART 4 |
OVERVIEW
OF NUTRITION THERAPY |
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14 |
Nutrition in Patient Care |
306 |
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Role in Wellness |
306 |
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Nutrition and Illness |
307 |
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Nutrition
Intervention |
309 |
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Nutrition Therapy |
320 |
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Summary |
337 |
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15 |
Nutrition and Metabolic Stress |
341 |
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Role in Wellness |
341 |
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Immune System |
341 |
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The Stress Response |
342 |
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Multiple Organ
Dysfunction Syndrome |
350 |
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Surgery |
351 |
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Burns (Thermal
Injury) |
351 |
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Summary |
354 |
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16 |
Interactions: Complementary and
Alternative Medicine, Dietary Supplements, and Medications |
357 |
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Role in Wellness |
357 |
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Complementary and
Alternative Medicine |
357 |
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Dietary Supplements |
362 |
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Medications |
367 |
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Summary |
383 |
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17 |
Nutrition for Disorders of the
Gastrointestinal Tract |
386 |
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Role in Wellness |
386 |
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Dysphagia |
386 |
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Peptic Ulcer Disease |
391 |
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Dumping Syndrome |
393 |
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Celiac Disease
(Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy) |
394 |
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Lactose Intolerance |
395 |
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Inflammatory Bowel
Disease |
397 |
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Ileostomies and Colostomies |
398 |
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Short Bowel Syndrome |
399 |
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Diverticular Diseases |
400 |
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Intestinal Gas and
Flatulence |
401 |
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Constipation |
401 |
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Diarrhea |
401 |
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Summary |
402 |
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18 |
Nutrition for Disorders of the Liver,
Gallbladder, and Pancreas |
405 |
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Role in Wellness |
405 |
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Liver Disorders |
405 |
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Gallbladder Disorders |
413 |
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Pancreatitis |
414 |
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Cystic Fibrosis |
415 |
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Summary |
416 |
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19 |
Nutrition for Diabetes Mellitus |
421 |
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Role in Wellness |
421 |
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Diabetes Mellitus |
421 |
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Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar
Syndrome |
432 |
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Nutrition Therapy |
433 |
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Special
Considerations |
436 |
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Summary |
441 |
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20 |
Nutrition for Cardiovascular and
Respiratory Diseases |
447 |
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Role in Wellness |
447 |
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Coronary Artery
Disease |
449 |
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Hypertension |
454 |
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Myocardial Infarction |
459 |
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Cardiac Failure |
459 |
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Life Span
Implications |
459 |
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Overcoming Barriers |
460 |
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Respiratory Diseases |
460 |
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Summary |
462 |
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21 |
Nutrition
for Diseases of the Kidneys |
467 |
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Role in Wellness |
467 |
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Kidney Function |
467 |
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Nephrotic Syndrome |
468 |
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Acute Renal Failure |
469 |
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Chronic Renal Failure |
470 |
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Hemodialysis |
472 |
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Peritoneal Dialysis |
475 |
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Renal Transplantation |
476 |
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Renal Calculi |
478 |
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Summary |
481 |
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22 |
Nutrition
in Cancer, AIDS, and Other Special Problems |
486 |
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Role in Wellness |
486 |
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Cancer |
486 |
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Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS) |
496 |
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Nutrition Assessment
in Cancer and HIV/AIDS |
499 |
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Summary |
501 |
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APPENDIXES |
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A |
Exchange Lists for Meal Planning |
506 |
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B |
Nutrition and Health Organizations:
Sources of Nutrition Information |
522 |
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C |
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526 |
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D |
Body Mass Index Table (Second of Two
BMI Tables) |
529 |
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E |
Kcal-Restricted Dietary Patterns |
530 |
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F |
Infant and Child Growth Charts: |
534 |
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G |
Foods Recommended for Hospital Diet
Progressions |
551 |
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H |
Complementary and Alternative
Medicine Domains and Therapies |
553 |
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I |
National Renal Diet |
555 |
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J |
Foods High in Lactose, Purines,
and Oxalates |
559 |
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K |
Cultural and Religious Dietary
Patterns |
562 |
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Glossary |
567 |
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