Contributors

ix

Foreword

xxv

Preface

xxvii

PART I

PRINCIPLES OF GERONTOLOGY

1

Biology of Aging and Longevity   Richard A. Miller

3

2

Genetics of Age-Dependent Human Disease   Thomas B.L. Kirkwood

15

3

Immunology and Aging   Birgit Weinberger, Daniela Weiskopf, and Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein

23

4

Inflammation and Aging   Jeremy D. Walston

37

5

Demography and Epidemiology   Jack M. Guralnik and Luigi Ferrucci

45

6

International Gerontology   Roberto Bernabei, Len Gray, John Hirdes, Xiaomei Pei, Jean Claude Henrard, Palmi V. Jonsson, Graziano Onder, Giovanni Gambassi, Naoki Ikegami, Annette Hylen Ranhoff, Iain G. Carpenter, Rowan H. Harwood, Brant E. Fries, John N. Morris, and Knight Steel

69

7

Psychosocial Aspects of Aging   Richard Schulz and Steven M. Albert

97

8

General Principles of Pharmacology   Sarah N. Hilmer and Gary A. Ford

103

9

Preventive Gerontology; Strategies for Optimizing Health Across the Life Span   Elizabeth A. Phelan, Miguel A. Paniagua, and William R. Hazzard

123

PART II

PRINCIPLES OF GERIATRICS

10

Evaluation, Management, and Decision Making with the Older Patient   Sharon E. Strauss and Mary E. Tinetti

133

SECTION A

ASSESSMENT

11

Principles of Geriatric Assessment   David B. Reuben and Sonja Rosen

141

12

Mental Status and Neurological Examination in Older Adults   James E. Galvin

153

13

Assessment of Decisional Capacity and Competencies   Margaret A. Drickamer and James M. Lai

171

14

Principles of Screening in Older Adults   Louise C. Walter

177

SECTION B

ORGANIZATION OF CARE

15

Health Care System   Chad Boult

185

16

Transitions   William L. Lyons and Eric A Coleman

197

17

Acute Hospital Care   Scott A. Flanders, Paula M. Podrazik, Chad Whelan, and Caroline Blaum

209

18

Emergency Department Care   Scott T. Wilber and Lowell W. Gerson

221

19

Critical Care   Eric B. Milbrandt and Derek C. Angus

229

20

Subacute Care   Edward R. Marcantonio and Mark Yurkofsky

237

21

Nursing Facility Care   Mary Pat Rapp and Keith L. Rapp

251

22

Community-Based Long-Term Care and Home Care   Jennifer Hayashi and Bruce Leff

275

23

Rural Aging   Kenneth Brummel-Smith

283

SECTION C

SPECIAL MANAGEMENT ISSUES

24

Appropriate Approach to Prescribing   Paula A. Rochon, Jennifer Tjia, Sudeep S. Gill, and Jerry H. Gurwitz

289

25

Complementary and Alternative Medicine   Joseph T. Hanlon, Marc R. Blackman, and Ronald M. Glick

303

26

Team Care   Ellen Flaherty, Kathryn Hyer and Terry Fulmer

309

27

Social Work   Ruth E. Dunkle and Mary Catherine Dennis

317

28

Self-Management of Health Behavior in Geriatric Medicine   W. Jack Rejeski, Lawrence R. Brawley, and Mary E. Jung

325

29

Rehabilitation   Cynthia J. Brown and Claire Peel

343

30

Pain Management   Bruce A. Ferrell and Susan L. Charette

359

31

Palliative Care   Audrey Chun and R. Sean Morrison

373

32

Legal Issues   Marshall B. Kapp

385

33

Spirituality   Timothy P. Daaleman

393

34

Ethical Issues   Jason H.T. Karlawish and Bryan D. James

399

SECTION D

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

35

Perioperative Evaluation and Management   Preeti N. Malani, Peter V. Vaitkevicius, and Mark B. Orringer

407

36

Anesthesia   Jeffrey H. Silverstein and G. Alec Rooke

417

37

Surgical Outcomes   Emily Finlayson and John D. Birkmeyer

431

SECTION E

NUTRITION

38

Nutrition and Aging   Dennis H. Sullivan and Larry E. Johnson

439

39

Weight and Age: Paradoxes and Conundrums   Tamara B. Harris

459

40

Malnutrition and Enteral/Parenteral Alimentation   Jeffrey I. Wallace

469

41

Disorders of Swallowing   JoAnne Robbins, Jacqueline Hind, and Steven Barczi

483

42

Oral Cavity   Jonathan A. Ship

501

SECTION F

SENSORY FUNCTION

43

Assessment and Rehabilitation of Older Adults with Low Vision   Gale R. Watson

511

44

Age-Related Changes in the Auditory System   Su-Hua Sha, Andra E. Talaska, and Jochen Schacht

525

SECTION G

GENDER AND SEXUALITY

45

Sex and Gender Across the Human Life Span   William R. Hazzard

535

46

Menopause and Midlife Health Changes   MaryFran R. Sowers

557

47

Sexuality, Sexual Function, and the Aging Woman   Stacy Tessler Lindau

567

48

Gynecologic Disorders   Karen L. Miller and Tomas L. Griebling

583

49

Sexuality, Sexual Function, Androgen Therapy, and the Aging Male   J. Lisa Tenover

595

50

Benign Prostate Disorders   Catherine E. DuBeau

607

PART III

GERIATRIC SYNDROMES

51

Aging and Homeostatic Regulation   George A. Kuchel

621

52

Frailty   Linda P. Fried, Jeremy D. Walston, and Luigi Ferrucci

631

53

Delirium   Sharon K. Inouye, Michael A. Fearing and Edward R. Marcantonio

647

54

Falls   Mary B. King

659

55

Sleep Disorders   Mairav Cohen-Zion and Sonia Ancoli-Israel

671

56

Dizziness   Aman Nanda and Richard W. Besdine

683

57

Syncope   Rose Anne Kenny

693

58

Pressure Ulcers   Barbara M. Bates-Jensen

703

59

Incontinence   Theodore M. Johnson II and Joseph G. Ouslander

717

60

Elder Mistreatment   Mark S. Lacks

731

PART IV

ORGAN SYSTEMS AND DISEASES

SECTION A

HUMAN BRAIN

61

Cellular and Neurochemical Aspects of the Aging Human Brain   Mark P. Mattson

739

62

Cognitive Changes Associated with Normal and Pathological Aging   Suzanne Craft, Brenna Cholerton, and Mark Reger

751

63

Psychoactive Drug Therapy   Bruce G. Pollock, Todd P. Semla, and Christina E. Forsyth

767

64

Cerebrovascular Disease   Eric Edward Smith, Ferdinand Buonanno, Aneesh Bhim Singhal, and J. Philip Kistler

779

65

Dementia Including Alzheimer’s Disease   Cynthia M. Carlsson, Carey E. Gleason, Luigi Puglielli, and Sanjay Asthana

797

66

Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders   Stanley Fahn

813

67

Other Neurodegenerative Disorders   Victor Valcour and Bruce Miller

823

68

Traumatic Brain Injury   Sterling C. Johnson

833

69

Epilepsy   Ilo E. Leppik

841

70

Late-Life Mood Disorders   Dan G. Blazer

849

71

Schizophrenia   Danielle L. Anderson and Peter V. Rabins

859

72

General Topics in Geriatric Psychiatry   Mustafa M. Husain, Shawn M. McClintock, Kip E. Queenan, Aaron Van Wright, and Rajbir Bakshi

865

73

Management of Agitation in Dementia   Marcella Pascualy, Eric Petrie, Lucy Y. Wang, Suzanne B. Murray, and Elaine Peskind

873

SECTION B

CARDIOLOGY

74

Effects of Aging on Cardiovascular Structure and Function   Dalane W. Kitzman and George Taffet

883

75

Aging and Atherosclerosis   Susan Cheng, Susan M. Bell, and Susan J. Zieman

897

76

Coronary Heart Disease   Eric D. Peterson and Shahyar M. Gharacholou

909

77

Valvular Heart Disease   Nikhila Deo and Niloo M. Edwards

921

78

Heart Failure   Michael W. Rich

931

79

Cardiac Arrhythmias   Xiao-Ke Liu, Arshad Jahangir, and Win-Kuang Shen

951

80

Peripheral Vascular Disease   Andrew W. Gardner, John D. Sorkin, and Azhar Afaq

967

81

Hypertension   Mark A. Supiano

975

SECTION C

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

82

Aging of the Respiratory System   Paul L. Enright

983

83

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease   Sachin Yende, Anne B. Newman, and Don Sin

987

84

Diffuse Parenchyma! Lung Disease   Victor J. Thannickal and Galen B. Toews

1003

SECTION D

NEPHROLOGY

85

Changes in Kidney Function   Jocelyn Wiggins and Sanjeevkumar R. Patel

1009

86

Renal Disease   Lynn Schlanger, Jeff M. Sands, and James L. Bailey

1017

87

End-Stage Renal Disease   Mark L. Unruh

1035

88

Disorders of Fluid Balance   Myron Miller

1047

SECTION E

GASTROENTEROLOGY

89

Effect of Aging on Gastrointestinal Function   Karen E. Hall

1059

90

Hepatic, Biliary, and Pancreatic Disease   Justin C. Rice, Courtney Barancin, Mark Benson, and Michael Lucey

1065

91

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders   Alberto Pilotto and Marilisa Franceschi

1075

92

Common Large Intestinal Disorders   Leon S. Maratchi and David A. Greenwald

1091

93

Constipation   Danielle Harari

1103

SECTION F

ONCOLOGY

94

Oncology and Aging: General Principles   Arati V. Rao and Harvey Jay Cohen

1123

95

Breast Disease   Gretchen G. Kimmick and Hyman B. Muss

1137

96

Prostate Cancer   Kenneth J. Pienta

1140

97

Lung Cancer   Daniel Morgensztern, Ramaswamy Govindan, and Michael C. Perry

1148

98

Gastrointestinal Malignancies   Nadine A. Jackson and Peter C. Enzinger

1160

99

Intracranial Neoplasms   Noelle K. LoConte, Julie E. Chang, and H. Ian Robins

1173

100

Skin Cancer   Mathew W. Ludgate, Timothy M. Johnson, and Timothy S. Wang

1187

SECTION G

HEMATOLOGY

101

Aging of the Hematopoietic System   Gurkamal S. Chatta and David A. Lipschitz

1193

102

Anemia   Paulo H.M. Chaves

1201

103

White Cell Disorders   Heidi D. Klepin and Bayard L. Powell

1215

104

Non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s Lymphomas and Myeloma   William B. Ershler and Dan L. Longo

1229

105

Thrombosis   Martin O’Donnell, Jeffrey S. Ginsberg, and Clive Kearon

1243

106

Hemorrhagic Disorders   Julia A.M. Anderson and Agnes Y.Y. Lee

1253

SECTION H

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

107

Aging of the Endocrine System and Selected Endocrine Disorders   David A. Gruenewald and Alvin M. Matsumoto

1267

108

Thyroid Diseases   Jerome M. Hershman, Sima Hassani, and Mary H. Samuels

1287

109

Diabetes Mellitus   Annette M. Chang and Jeffrey B. Halter

1305

110

Dyslipoproteinemia   Leslie I. Katzel, Jacob Blumenthal, John D. Sorkin, and Andrew P. Goldberg

1325

111

Hyperparathyroidism and Paget’s Disease of Bone   Kenneth W. Lyles

1343

SECTION I

MOBILITY AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

112

Aging of the Muscles and Joints   Richard F. Loeser, Jr. and Osvaldo Delbono

1355

113

Biomechanics of Mobility   James A. Ashton-Miller and Neil B. Alexander

1369

114

Exercise: Physiologic and Functional Effects   Robert S. Schwartz and Wendy M. Kohrt

1381

115

Mobility   Jennifer Brach, Caterina Rosano, and Stephanie Studenski

1397

116

Osteoarthritis   Shari M. Ling and Yvette L. Ju

1411

117

Osteoporosis   Gustavo Duque and Bruce R. Troen

1421

118

Hip Fractures   Ram R. Miller, Colleen Christmas, and Jay Magaziner

1435

119

Myopathy, Polymyalgia Rheumatics, and Temporal Arteritis   Yuri R. Nakasato and Bruce A. Carnes

1445

120

Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Autoimmune Diseases   Raymond Yung

1453

121

Back Pain and Spinal Stenosis   Leo M. Cooney, Jr.

1471

122

Primary Considerations in Managing the Older Patient with Foot Problems   Arthur E. Helfand

1479

123

Fibromyalgia and Myofascial Pain Syndromes   Cheryl D. Bernstein and Debra K. Weiner

1491

SECTION J

INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IMMUNOLOGY

124

Infection in the Elderly   Kevin P. High

1507

125

General Principles of Antimicrobial Selection   Maureen Bolon and Stephen G. Weber

1517

126

Pneumonia   Thomas J. Marrie

1531

127

Urinary Tract Infections   Lindsay E. Nicolle

1547

128

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection   Amy C. Justice

1561

129

Herpes Zoster   Jack I. Twersky and Kenneth Schmader

1567

130

Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus   Mark B. Loeb

1577

Index

1583