Table
of Contents
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Preface |
xiii |
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Chapter 1 |
The Critical Care Nurse |
1 |
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Introduction |
2 |
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Education and Experience |
3 |
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Standards, Organizations, and Certification: Promoting Excellence |
4 |
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Communication and Health Care Team Members: Calling the Shots |
8 |
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Defining the Critical Care Nurse |
9 |
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Regulatory Issues That Impact the Critical Care Environment |
10 |
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Future Challenges for the Critical Care Nurse |
12 |
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Review Questions |
16 |
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Answers |
17 |
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Chapter 2 |
Care of the Patient With Critical Respiratory Needs |
19 |
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Anatomy and Physiology |
20 |
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Assessment Skills for the High-Risk Respiratory Patient |
25 |
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Collaborative Diagnostic Tools |
28 |
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Oxygen Delivery Systems |
41 |
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Advanced Airway Techniques |
44 |
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What Is Mechanical Ventilation |
47 |
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Commonly Used Respiratory Medications in Critical Care for the Patient on MV |
59 |
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Respiratory Conditions Requiring Critical Care |
61 |
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Review Questions |
80 |
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Answers |
82 |
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Chapter 3 |
Care of the Patient With Critical Cardiac and Vascular Needs |
85 |
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Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System |
86 |
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Assessment Skills |
90 |
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Collaborative Diagnostic and Laboratory Tools |
97 |
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Advanced Procedural Skills |
111 |
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Cardiovascular Medications Used in Critical Care |
112 |
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Medical CV Conditions Requiring Critical Care |
118 |
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Surgical CV Conditions Requiring Critical Care |
143 |
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Review Questions |
157 |
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Answers |
160 |
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Chapter 4 |
Care of the Patient With Critical Cardiac Rhythm Disturbance Needs |
163 |
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Assessment Skills |
164 |
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Cardiac Electrophysiology |
166 |
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How Does Cardiac Monitoring Really Work? |
166 |
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So What Do These Systems "See"? |
168 |
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So How Does a Nurse Do Detective Work on these Rhythm Strips? |
175 |
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Types of Basic Rhythms |
181 |
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Where Do 12-Lead ECGs Enter the Picture? |
190 |
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Medications That Help With Rhythm Stabilization |
192 |
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Special Cardiac Devices to Help Maintain the Patient's Rhythm |
193 |
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Cardiac Arrest: Your Worst Nightmare |
202 |
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Review Questions |
204 |
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Answers |
206 |
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Chapter 5 |
Care of the Patient With Neurological Needs |
209 |
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Introduction |
210 |
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Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous System |
210 |
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Neurological Needs: Assessment |
217 |
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Assessing Motor Movements—Strength and Coordination |
220 |
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Normal Pupils |
223 |
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Assessment of Eye Movements (EOMs) or Extraocular Movements |
225 |
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Oculocephalic Reflex or Doll's Eyes Movements |
225 |
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Oculovestibular Reflex or Cold Caloric Test |
225 |
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Respiratory Patterns |
226 |
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Additional Assessments |
226 |
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Palpation |
227 |
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Percussion—Deep Tendon Reflexes |
227 |
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Other Responses |
229 |
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Auscultation |
229 |
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Collaborative Diagnostic Tools |
231 |
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Medications That Help With Symptoms |
239 |
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Medical Conditions Requiring Complex Care |
239 |
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Surgical Conditions Requiring Complex Neurological Care |
250 |
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Review Questions |
260 |
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Answers |
262 |
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Chapter 6 |
Care of the Traumatized Patient |
265 |
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Introduction |
266 |
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Mechanisms of Injury (MOI) |
267 |
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Classification of Injuries |
267 |
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Evaluating Reports from the Field |
268 |
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268 |
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Medications Used in Trauma Care |
271 |
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Fluid Volume Replacement (FVR) |
272 |
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Care of the Patient With Specific Traumatic Injuries according to the ABCs of Trauma Assessment |
277 |
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Review Questions |
306 |
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Answers |
308 |
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Chapter 7 |
Care of the Patient With Endocrine Disorders |
311 |
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Introduction |
312 |
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Major Organs of the Endocrine System to Be Addressed |
313 |
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Review Questions |
350 |
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Answers |
352 |
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Chapter 8 |
Care of the Patient With Critical Renal Needs |
355 |
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Anatomy and Physiology of the Renal System |
356 |
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Assessment Skills |
359 |
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Collaborative Diagnostic and Laboratory Tools |
362 |
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Medications Commonly Used in Critical Care |
365 |
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Dialysis |
371 |
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Acute and Chronic Renal Failure |
383 |
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Review Questions |
396 |
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Answers |
398 |
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Chapter 9 |
Care of the Patient With Critical Hematologic
Needs |
401 |
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Anatomy and Physiology of the Hematologic System |
402 |
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Assessment Skills |
404 |
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Collaborative Diagnostic and Laboratory Tools |
407 |
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Medications Commonly Used in Critical Care That Affect the Hematologic System |
412 |
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Blood Products Used for Hematologic Problems |
416 |
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Medical Conditions That Require Critical Care |
416 |
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Review Questions |
429 |
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Answers |
432 |
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Final Exam Questions |
435 |
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Correct Answers and Rationales |
453 |
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Index |
461 |
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