Foreword

xv

Preface

xvii

Acknowledgments

xix

PART I

THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF EMBALMING

1

SECTION I

3

1

Embalming: Social, Psychological, Ethical, and Regulatory Standards

5

2

Fundamentals of Embalming

31

3

Personal Health and Regulatory Standards

49

4

The Preparation Room

77

5

Death—Agonal and Postmortem Changes

109

6

Embalming Chemicals

125

7

Use of Embalming Chemicals

143

8

Anatomical Considerations

161

9

Embalming Vessel Sites and Selections

175

10

Embalming Analysis

197

11

Preparation of the Body Prior to Arterial Injection

211

12

Injection and Drainage Techniques

239

13

Distribution and Diffusion of Arterial Solution

257

14

Cavity Embalming

277

15

Treatments after Arterial Injection

293

16

General Body Considerations

309

17

Preparation of Autopsied Bodies

327

18

Preparation of Organ and Tissue Donors

347

19

Delayed Embalming

363

20

Discolorations

377

21

Moisture Considerations

401

22

Vascular Considerations

419

23

Effect of Drugs on the Embalming Process

427

24

Selected Conditions

437

25

Embalming for Delayed Viewing, Re-embalming of the Body, Embalming for Shipping, and Shipped-In Bodies

453

SECTION II

THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF EMBALMING

467

PART II

RESTORATIVE ART AND MORTUARY COSMETOLOGY

511

SECTION I

RESTORATIVE ART

513

Restorative Art—Parti

515

Restorative Art—Part 2

529

Restorative Art—Part 3—Mortuary Cosmetology

567

SECTION II

HISTORY OF MODERN RESTORATIVE ART   Edward C.Johnson, Gail R. Johnson, and Melissa J. Williams

589

PART III

SELECTED READINGS AND GLOSSARY

607

SECTION I

SELECTED READINGS

609

Summary of Guidelines Submitted to OSHA from the National Funeral Directors Association Committee on Infectious Disease (Summer, 1989)

610

Armed Services Specification for Mortuary Services (Care of Remains of Deceased Personnel and Regular and Port of Entry Requirements for Caskets and Shipping Cases). Appendix D, Federal Acquisition Regulation AR 638-2.9, February 1996

614

Identification; An Essential Part of What We Do

619

The Mathematics of Embalming Chemistry: Part I. A Critical Evaluation of “One-Bottle” Embalming Chemical Claims

622

The Measurement of Formaldehyde Retention in the Tissues of Embalmed Bodies

624

The Two-Year Fix: Long-Term Preservation for Delayed Viewing

627

Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde in Mortuaries

631

The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Formaldehyde (Is It Good or Is It Evil?)

635

The Preparation Room: Ventilation

644

Risk of Infection and Tracking of Work-related Infectious Diseases in the Funeral Industry

647

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Comprehensive Guide for Healthcare Personnel Section 3—Information for Embalmers

653

Hepatitis from A to G

665

The Increase in MRSA and VRE

667

The Antimicrobial Activity of Embalming Chemicals and Topical Disinfectants on the Microbial Flora of Human Remains

669

The Microbiologic Evaluation and Enumeration of Postmortem Specimens from Human Remains

672

Professional Hair Care for Human Remains

674

Fountain’s Method of Management Techniques for the Eyes

679

Enhance Emaciated Features Arterially Using Split Injection and Restricted Drainage

685

Embalming—United Kingdom and European

686

The Art of Embalming and its Purpose

688

SECTION II

GLOSSARY

691

Index

715