9780123735935

Table of Contents


	List of Contributors	xxiii
	Foreword	xxvii
	Preface	xxix
	Preface to the Third Edition	xxxi
	Preface to the Second Edition	xxxiii
	Preface to the First Edition	xxxv
	Annex 1: Some Toxicological Abbreviations Used in this Book	xxxvii
	Annex 2: Abbreviations of Some National and International Organizations and Miscellaneous Terms	xxxix
PART I	THE DISCIPLINE OF TOXICOLOGY	1
Chapter 1	Toxicology: a Primer A. Wallace Hayes	3
Chapter 2	History of Toxicology Katherine D. Watson and Philip Wexler	11
	Highlights in the History of Toxicology	11
Chapter 3	Development of Toxicoinformatics Stephanie Holmgren	31
	Introduction	31
	The Realm of Toxicology Information	31
	Background in Toxicology Information Systems	36
	The Technology Wave in Toxicology Information Systems	38
	Applications of Toxicology Information Systems	41
	Challenges Ahead for Toxicology Information Systems	44
	Future Directions	45
	Summary	46
Chapter 4	Toxicoinformatics Today Mark A. Pershouse, Melisa Bunderson Schelvan, Amy Erbe, Corbin Schwanke, and Elizabeth Putnam	49
	Toxnet	49
	Resources	49
PART II	SUBJECT CATEGORIZATION: BOOKS AND MORE	57
Chapter 5	General Texts Carey Pope	59
	Resources	59
Chapter 6	Analytical Toxicology Kelli Selfe and Shayne Gad	67
	Introduction	67
	Resources	67
Chapter 7	Animals in Research Elizabeht Norfleet and Shayne Gad	71
	Introduction	71
	Resources	71
Chapter 8	Biomarkers Cectle M. Krejsa and Jeremy A. Freeman	75
	Introduction	75
	Resources	76
	Other Resources	83
Chapter 9	Biotechnology Rafael Ponce and Steven G. Gilbert	87
	Introduction	87
	Information Resources Section	87
Chapter 10	Biotoxins Kenneth R. Still and Asish Mohapatra	91
	Introduction	91
	Resources	91
Chapter 11	Cancer Anna M. Fan	103
	Introduction	103
	Resources	103
Chapter 12	Chemical Compendia Antoinette Hayes	123
	Introduction	123
	Resources	123
Chapter 13	Chemicals: Cosmetics and Other Consumer Products Pertti J. Hakkinen	129
	Introduction	129
	Resources	129
Chapter 14	Drugs Todd Stedeford and Ching-Hung Hsu	133
	Introduction	133
	Resources	133
Chapter 15	Chemicals: Dusts and Fibers Victoria A. Cassano and Tee L. Guidotti	143
	Introduction	143
	Resources	143
Chapter 16	Chemicals: Metals Russell Barbare and Shayne Gad	147
	Introduction	147
	Resources	147
Chapter 17	Chemicals: Pesticides Allan S. Felsot	151
	Introduction	151
	Resources	152
Chapter 18	Chemicals: Solvents William K. Boyes	167
	Introduction	167
	Resources	168
Chapter 19	Chemicals: Selected Chemicals Antoinette Hayes	175
	Introduction	175
	Resources	175
Chapter 20	Clinical Toxicology and Clinical Analytical Toxicology Priya Tailor and Shayne Gad	183
	Introduction	183
	Resources	184
Chapter 21	Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Steven G. Gilbert and Kimberley S. Grant	187
	Introduction	187
	Resources	188
Chapter 22	Disaster Preparedness and Management C.C. Barton	195
	Introduction	195
	Resources	197
Chapter 23	Environmental Toxicology: Aquatic Samantha J. Jones	203
	Introduction	203
	Resources	204
Chapter 24	Environmental Toxicology: Air Asish Mohapatra, Dteter Schwala, and Pertti J. Hakkinen	217
	Introduction	217
	Resources	217
Chapter 25	Environmental Toxicology: Hazardous Waste C.C. Barton and S.C. Schmitz	239
	Introduction	239
	Resources	239
Chapter 26	Environmental Toxicology: Terrestrial C.C. Barton and S.C. Schmitz	247
	Introduction	247
	Resources	247
Chapter 27	Environmental Toxicology: Wildlife C.C. Barton and S.C. Schmitz	251
	Introduction	251
	Resources	251
Chapter 28	Epidemiology Amanda S. Persad	255
	Introduction	255
	Resources	256
Chapter 29	Ethical Considerations Steven G. Gilbert	263
	Introduction	263
	Resources	264
Chapter 30	Everyday Exposures Asish Mohapatra and Pertti J. Hakkinen	269
	Introduction	269
	Resources	270
Chapter 31	Food and Nutrition Waverly Thorsen	281
	Introduction	281
	Resources	281
Chapter 32	Forensic Toxicology Peter R. Stout	293
	Introduction	293
	Resources	293
Chapter 33	Genetic Toxicology Robert R. Young	297
	Introduction	297
	Resources	297
Chapter 34	Mixtures Richard C. Hertzberg and G.E. Rice	307
	Introduction	307
	Resources	307
Chapter 35	Molecular, Cellular, and Biochemical Toxicology Jacques Descotes	313
	Introduction	313
	Resources	313
Chapter 36	Nanotechnology Ruth Lyddy	321
	Introduction	321
	Resources	321
Chapter 37	Noise Guang-Di Chen	329
	Introduction	329
	Resources	329
Chapter 38	Occupational Health Andrew Maier	335
	Introduction	335
	Resources	336
Chapter 39	Genomics Mark A. Pershouse, Melisa Bunderson Schelvan, and Corbin Schwanke	345
	Introduction	345
	Resources	346
Chapter 40	Pathology Huw Bowen Jones	357
	Introduction	357
	Resources	357
Chapter 41	Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Karl K. Rozman	365
	Introduction	365
	Resources	365
Chapter 42	Physical Hazards Gene Rider	371
	Physical Hazards in General	371
	Resources	373
Chapter 43	Precautionary Principle Steven G. Gilbert, Kees Van Leeuwen and Pertti J. Hakkinen	387
	Introduction	387
	Resources	389
Chapter 44	Radiation Bruce Busby	395
	Introduction	395
	Resources	395
Chapter 45	Regulatory Toxicology Amanda S. Persad	401
	Introduction	401
	Resources	401
Chapter 46	Risk Assessment Amanda S. Persad and Todd Stedeford	407
	Introduction	407
	Resources	409
Chapter 47	Target Sites: General Todd Stedeford	423
	Introduction	423
	Resources	423
Chapter 48	Target Sites: Cardiovascular Tony Cox	431
	Introduction	431
	Resources	431
Chapter 49	Target Sites: Endocrine Karen Chou	435
	Introduction	435
	Resources	436
Chapter 50	Target Sites: Gastrointestinal Marion Joseph Fedoruk	443
	Resources	445
Chapter 51	Target Sites: Hematopoietic Tony Cox	447
	Introduction	447
	Resources	447
Chapter 52	Target Sites: Immune Jacques Descotes	451
	Introduction	451
	Resources	451
Chapter 53	Target Sites: Kidney Gary O. Rankin and Monice A. Valentovic	457
	Introduction	457
	Resources	457
Chapter 54	Target Sites: Liver Janet Kester	461
	Introduction	461
	Resources	461
Chapter 55	Target Sites: Nervous System Abby A. Li	465
	Introduction	465
	Resources	465
Chapter 56	Target Sites: Respiratory Victoria A. Cassano and Tee L. Guidotti	473
	Introduction	473
	Resources	473
Chapter 57	Target Sites: Sensory Lewis Nelson	479
	Introduction	479
	Resources	479
Chapter 58	Target Sites: Skin Julie Goodman and Carrie Yu	481
	Introduction	481
	Resources	481
Chapter 59	Terrorism and Warfare (Chemical, Biological and Radioactive) Barbara Price and Richard Price	485
	Introduction	485
	Resources	487
Chapter 60	Testing Methods and Toxicity Assessment (Including Alternatives) Yuri Bruinen De Bruin, Chantra Eskes, Ingrid Langezaal, Sandra Coecke, Agnieszka Kinsner-Ovaskainen, and Pertti J. Hakkinen	497
	Introduction	497
	Toxicity Testing Methods	498
	Scientific Information	501
	Resources	501
Chapter 61	Veterinary Toxicology Robert H. Poppenga and Wayne Spoo	515
	Introduction	515
	Resources	515
PART III	OTHER RESOURCES CATEGORIZATION	523
Chapter 62	Organizations Philip Wexler, Pertti J. Hakkinen, Asish Mohapatra, and Steven G. Gilbert	525
	Introduction	525
	Listing of Organizations	526
	Special Groups	552
Chapter 63	Journals and Newsletters Fred Berman	557
	Scientific Journals	557
	Resources	558
	Additional Journals Carrying Relevant Articles	574
	Newsletters	574
Chapter 64	General Interest and Popular Works Frederick W. Stoss	577
	Introduction	577
	The Impact of Silent Spring and Rachel Carson - Celebrating Carson�s 100th Birthday	578
	Contemporary Works	579
	Defining a Core List of �Widely Held Books� in Libraries	585
	Consumers� One Stop Resource: Channing Bete	588
	Toxic Fiction	588
	Juvenile Literature	589
Chapter 65	Technical Reports and Government Information Frederick W. Stoss	591
	Introduction	591
	The Plight of the EPA Libraries	592
	Will the National Agricultural Library be Next?	593
	Technical Report Literature	594
	National Technical Information Service (NTIS)	595
	National Academies	598
	Council on Environmental Quality	599
	National Toxicology Program (NTP)	599
	Government Printing Office	599
	Library of Congress	600
	Locating the Hard-To-Find	600
	Judicial and Legal Information	600
	General Accountability Office	601
	Identifying State, County, and Local Sources of Technical Reports	602
	Non-Governmental Organization Reports	603
Chapter 66	Audiovisual and Non-Print Resources Frederick W. Stoss, Steven G. Gilbert, and Philip Wexler	607
	Introduction	607
	Resources	607
PART IV	INTERNET AND DIGITAL TOOLS	611
Chapter 67	The Internet: Recent Trends Steven G. Gilbert, Asish Mohapatra, Pertti J. Hakkinen, and Philip Wexler	613
	Introduction	613
	Search Engines	613
	Tools for Obtaining News	614
	Blogs	614
	Open Access Publishing	614
	Podcasting	615
	Wikis	615
	Social Networking	616
	Semantic Web	616
Chapter 68	Web-Based Databases Asish Mohapatra and Philip Wexler	619
	Introduction	619
	Databases with a Focus on Toxicology and Related Subjects	619
	State Information	626
	Focus on Toxicogenomics	626
	Scientific Databases Containing Toxicology Information	629
Chapter 69	Software Tools for Toxicology and Risk Assesssment Charles A. Pittinger and Asish Mohapatra	631
	Introduction	631
	QSAR Tools	631
	The Broad Universe of QSARS	631
	QSAR Applications for Chemical Screening, Prioritization, and Regulatory and Corporate Decision-Making	632
	QSAR Reliability and Validity	632
	QSAR Applications	632
	International Uses of QSARS by Regulatory Authorities	633
	Key QSAR Websites	636
	Non-QSAR-Related Software Tools	636
	Statistical and Risk Forecasting Tools	637
PART V	SPECIAL TOPICS	639
Chapter 70	The Legal and Regulatory Framework Neil S. Shifrin and E. Michael Thomas	641
	Introduction	641
	Chemicals vs Products and Regulatory Authorities	641
	Laws, Agencies, and Regulations	642
	�Safe� Lists	646
	Compliance	646
	Regulation Development	646
	Information Resources	648
Chapter 71	Hazard Communication Michele R. Sullivan	653
	Introduction	653
	Background	653
	What is the Core of Hazard Communication?	654
	What is the First Step in Communicating Hazards?	654
	What is an MSDS?	654
	What Resources are Needed?	655
	Are there Other Resources for Hazard Communication?	655
Chapter 72	Professional Education Steven G. Gilbert and Katie Frevert	665
	Introduction	665
	Careers and Education in Toxicology	666
	Continuing Education for Professionals	679
Chapter 73	Public Education Steven G. Gilbert and Katie Frevert	681
	Introduction	681
	K-12 Educational Resources	682
	Public Education Resources	687
	Environmental Justice Resources	687
	Spanish Resources	689
Chapter 74	Grants and Funding Frederick W. Stoss	691
	Introduction	691
	Grantsmanship: The Art of Getting Funded	692
	Finding Funds and Grants	693
	Standard Grant and Funding Reference Resources	694
	Internships and Scholarships	695
	Additional Select Web-Based Grant-Finding Resources	697
Chapter 75	Poison Control Centers Axel Hahn	701
	Introduction	701
	History	701
	Poison Centers	701
	Poison Information Service	702
	Clinical Treatment/Intensive Care Units	702
	The Assessment of Poisonings	702
	Poisoning Severity Score	702
	Notifications of Poisonings in Germany	703
	Reported Cases	704
	Assessment of Poisonings	704
	Reports on Poisonings	709
	Links/Literature	709
Chapter 76	Patents Todd Stedeford	711
	Introduction	711
	Resources	712
PART VI	THE GLOBAL ARENA	717
Chapter 77	Overview of International Activities J. Kuellmer and U. Schlottmann	719
	Introduction	719
	International Activities	719
	Intergovernmental Organizations	726
	Main Features of EC Chemicals Legislation	727
Chapter 78	Introduction to Country Chapters	737
Chapter 79	European Union Pertti J. Hakkinen	739
	Introduction	739
	Websites	740
Chapter 80	Australia Paul Wright	743
	Introduction	743
	Resources	745
Chapter 81	Brazil Cristiana L. Correa, Mariana P. soares, and Flavio A.D. Zambrone	767
	Introduction	767
	Resources	768
Chapter 82	Canada Marc Baril, Blain Jacques, and Lajoie Alain	781
	Introduction	781
	Resources	781
	The Regulation of Chemicals in Canada	795
Chapter 83	Chile Juan Carlos Rios, Juan Jose Mieres, and Enrique Paris	813
	Introduction	813
	Resources	813
Chapter 84	China Zhixiong Zhuang	817
	Introduction	817
	Historical Evolution on Chinese Society of Toxicology (CST)	818
	Resources	821
Chapter 85	Czech Republic M. Hornychova and J. Veseal	835
	History of Toxicology in the Czech Republic	835
	Resources	837
Chapter 86	Denmark Hilde Balling	853
	Introduction	853
	Resources	858
	Databases	860
Chapter 87	Ecuador Homero C. Harari, Raul E. Harari, and Ramiro I. Lopez	867
	Introduction	867
	Resources	868
Chapter 88	Finland Hannu Komulainen	875
	Introduction	875
	Resources	876
Chapter 89	France Nathalie Fouilh� Sam-Laī, Philippe Saviuc, and Vincent Danel	891
	Introduction	891
	Resources	892
Chapter 90	Germany Herbert Desel and Regine Kahl	899
	Introduction	899
	Resources	900
Chapter 91	India Shruti Patel and Aruna Dewan	913
	Introduction	913
	Resources	913
Chapter 92	Iran Mohammad Abdollahi	945
	Toxicology in Iran	945
	Resources	946
	Acknowledgment	956
Chapter 93	Israel Yedidia Bentur and Bianca Raikhlin-Eisenkraft	957
	Introduction	957
	Resources	957
Chapter 94	Italy Marina Marinovich, Maurella Della Seta, Paolo Preziosi, Ida Marcello, and Roberto Binetti	967
	Introduction	967
	Resources	967
Chapter 95	Japan Tetsuo Satoh and Takeshi Morita	991
	Introduction	991
	Toxicology in Japan	991
	Resources	994
Chapter 96	Malaysia Salmaan H. Inayat-Hussain, Jamaludin Abu Bakar, Effendi Ibrahim, Mazlin Mokhtar, and Michelle Alia Nunis	1013
	Introduction	1013
	Resources	1013
Chapter 97	Mexico Maria E. Gonsebatt	1023
	Introduction	1023
	Resources	1023
	Acknowledgments	1035
Chapter 98	The Netherlands Yuri Bruinen De Bruin and Jacqueline Van Engelen	1037
	Short History of Toxicology in the Netherlands	1037
	Resources	1038
	Acknowledgments	1049
Chapter 99	Norway Birgitte Lindeman	1051
	Introduction	1051
	Resources	1052
Chapter 100	Poland Marek Banasik and Todd Stedeford	1061
	Introduction	1061
	Resources	1062
Chapter 101	Russia B.A. Kurlyandskiy, Kh.Kh. Khamidulina, and K.K. Sidorov	1081
	History and Current State of Toxicology in Russia	1081
	State Registration of Chemical and Biological Substances in the Russian Federation	1082
	Resources	1082
Chapter 102	South Africa Mary Gulumian	1099
	Introduction	1099
	Resources	1099
Chapter 103	Spain Guillermo Repetto and Manuel Repetto	1125
	Introduction	1125
	Resources	1126
Chapter 104	Sweden Lars Wiklund	1147
	Introduction	1147
	Historical Notes in Swedish Toxicology	1147
	Toxicology Becomes Organized	1148
Chapter 105	Taiwan Jung-Der Wang	1165
	Introduction	1165
	Resources	1165
Chapter 106	United Kingdom L. Ashdown, P.T.C. Harrison, P. Holmes, and M. Takamiya	1177
	Introduction	1177
	Resources	1178
Chapter 107	Uruguay A. Negrin, P. Scarabino, V. Collazo, A. Laborde, and M. Burger	1213
	Introduction	1213
	Resources	1214
	Universities	1217
Chapter 108	Venezuela Arisleida J. Rodr�guez and Maylin E. Vel�squez	1219
	Toxicology in Venezuela	1219
	Resources	1222
	Organizations (Government)	1224
	Organizations (Non-Governmental)	1226
Appendix I	Toxicology Data and Information Management Stephanie Holmgren	1231
Appendix II	Glossary of Terms Used in Toxicology, 2nd Edition John H. Duffus, Monica Nordberc, and Douglas M. Templeton	1251
Appendix III	Toxicological Quotations: Famous, Infamous, Obscure Philip Wexler	1343
	Index	1349