Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

List of figures

xi

 

List of color plates

xiv

 

List of tables

xv

 

List of boxes

xvi

 

Preface

xvii

 

Acknowledgments

xix

 

List of commonly used abbreviations

xx

1

Introduction

1

 

What is the geography of health?

2

 

What is health?

4

 

Evolving Approaches to health geography

5

 

Structure of this book

7

SECTION I

ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO HUMAN HEALTH

11

2

Ecological Approaches To Human Health And Environmental Change

13

 

Ecology of human health

13

 

Cultural ecology of disease

19

 

Disease cycles

20

 

Landscape epidemiology

21

 

Environmental change

28

 

Conclusion

32

3

Demographic Change And Emerging And Resurgent Infectious Diseases

33

 

The demographic and epidemiologic transitions

33

 

Pathogen and vector populations

38

 

Emerging and resurgent infectious diseases

41

 

Case studies of emerging and resurgent infectious diseases

46

 

Conclusion

54

4

Environmental Exposures

56

 

Non-living agents of disease

57

 

Assessing environmental exposures

65

 

Environmental justice

70

 

Conclusion

75

SECTION II

SOCIAL APPROACHES TO HEALTH AND HEALTHCARE

77

5

Social And Economic Environments

82

 

Health and wealth

82

 

The social and economic environment

93

 

Sense of place and health

96

 

Vulnerability and environmental hazards

97

 

Socioeconomic environments and obesity

99

 

Conclusion

103

6

Culture And Identity

105

 

Culture

105

 

Identity

111

 

Conclusion

123

7

Power And Politics Of Health

125

 

Structural approaches to power

125

 

Politics and health

127

 

“New” geographies of power

129

 

Fertility policy

132

 

Conclusion

143

8

Geographies Of Healthcare

144

 

Foundations of medical thought and practice

144

 

Alternative medical systems

146

 

Healthcare provision and access

148

 

Geographies of care

160

 

Therapeutic landscapes

161

 

Conclusion

162

SECTION III

SPATIAL APPROACHES TO HUMAN HEALTH

165

9

Cartography And Visualization Of Health Data

167

 

Origins of health mapping

167

 

Reading maps

170

 

Cartographic concepts

171

 

Maps as a tool for displaying data

175

 

Mapping as a tool for exploring spatial patterns in health

181

 

Mapping as an analytical tool

183

 

Visualizing health patterns: The Atlas of United States Mortality

184

 

Sources of data and data quality

186

 

Conclusion

187

10

Health And GIS

189

 

GIS concepts and terminology

189

 

GIS applications in health studies

194

 

Challenges in GIS and health

203

 

Conclusion

206

11

Integrating Approaches To The Study Of The Geography Of Health

208

 

Global infectious disease campaigns

209

 

Conclusion

222

 

Glossary

225

 

Bibliography

235

 

Index

265