Editor’s Introduction   Marvin C. Alkin

ix

Acknowledgments

xi

PART I

INTRODUCTION

1

1

Comparing Evaluation Points of View   Marvin C. Alkin

3

2

An Evaluation Theory Tree   Marvin C. Alkin and Christina A. Christie

12

PART II

METHODS

67

3

Ralph W. Tyler’s Contribution to Program Evaluation   George F. Madaus

69

4

Donald Campbell: The Accidental Evaluator   William R. Shadish and Jason K. Luellen

80

5

Causal Generalization: How Campbell and Cronbach Influenced My Theoretical Thinking on this Topic, Including in Shadish, Cook, and Campbell   Thomas D. Cook

88

6

A Trialist’s Notes on Evaluation Theory and Roots   Robert F. Boruch

114

7

My Views of Evaluation and Their Origins   Peter H. Rossi

122

8

The Roots of Theory-Driven Evaluation: Current Views and Origins   Huey-Tsyh Chen

132

9

Rooting for Evaluation: A Cliff Notes Version of My Work   Carol Hirschon Weiss

153

10

The Educative Evaluator: An Interpretation of Lee J. Cronbach’s Vision of Evaluation   Jennifer C. Greene

169

PART III

VALUING

181

11

Reflections   Michael Scriven

183

12

The Roots of Connoisseurship and Criticism: A Personal Journey   Elliot W. Eisner

196

13

Stake and Responsive Evaluation   Robert Stake

203

14

Intellectual History in Evaluation   Ernest R. House

218

15

The Roots of Fourth Generation Evaluation: Theoretical and Methodological Origins   Yvonna S. Lincoln and Egon G. Guba

225

PART IV

USE

243

16

The 21st-Century CIPP Model: Origins, Development, and Use   Daniel L. Stufflebeam

245

17

Using Evaluation to Improve Performance and Support Policy Decision Making   Joseph S. Wholey

267

18

The Roots of Utilization-Focused Evaluation   Michael Quinn Patton

276

19

Context-Adapted Utilization: A Personal Journey   Marvin C. Alkin

293

20

Branching Out or Standing on a Limb: Looking to Our Roots for Insight   David M. Fetterman

304

21

Crossing the Bridge: Toward Understanding Use through Systematic Inquiry   J. Bradley Cousins

319

22

Tikkun Olam: The Roots of Participatory Evaluation   Jean A. King

331

23

The Transformational Power of Evaluation: Passion, Purpose, and Practice   Hallle Preskill

343

24

Evaluation Forms: Toward an Inclusive Framework for Evaluation Practice   John M. Owen

356

PART V

SUMMING UP

371

25

Evaluation Roots   Marvin C. Alkin

373

26

Evaluation Theory Tree Revisited   Marvin C. Alkin and Christina A. Christie

381

Author Index

393

Subject Index

401

About the Editor

413

About the Contributors

415