Table
of Contents
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Preface |
xiii |
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PART I |
CANCER
RISK FACTORS AND CANCER PREVENTION |
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Chapter 1 |
Questions
and Answers About Cancer |
3 |
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Chapter 2 |
Cancer
Statistics |
9 |
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Section 2.1 |
Understanding
Statistics on Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality |
10 |
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Section 2.2 |
The Role
Statistics Play in Predicting a Patient’s Prognosis |
14 |
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Section 2.3 |
Incidence,
Mortality, and Survival Rates for Common Cancers |
17 |
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Chapter 3 |
Cancer
Health Disparities |
37 |
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Chapter 4 |
Lifestyle
Issues and Cancer Risk |
51 |
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Section 4.1 |
Tobacco Use
and Cancer Risk |
52 |
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Section 4.2 |
Facts About
Alcohol Use and Cancer Risk |
60 |
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Section 4.3 |
Questions
and Answers About Obesity and Cancer Risk |
63 |
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Section 4.4 |
The Roles
of Exercise and Stress Management in Reducing Cancer Risk |
70 |
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Section 4.5 |
Sun
Exposure and Cancer Risk |
76 |
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Section 4.6 |
Indoor
Tanning and Cancer Risk |
82 |
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Chapter 5 |
Hereditary
Cancer Risks |
85 |
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Chapter 6 |
Infectious
Diseases and Cancer Risk |
91 |
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Section 6.1 |
Human Papillomaviruses
and Cancer: Questions and Answers |
92 |
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Section 6.2 |
HIV
Infection and Cancer Risk |
96 |
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Section 6.3 |
Kaposi
Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus |
99 |
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Section 6.4 |
Hepatitis
Viruses and Cancer Risk |
101 |
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Section 6.5 |
Human T-Lymphotropic
Virus Type 1 (HTLV1) and Cancer Risk |
103 |
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Section 6.6 |
Epstein-Barr
Virus and Cancer Risk |
104 |
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Section 6.7 |
Helicobacter Pylori and Cancer Risk |
106 |
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Chapter 7 |
Hormonal
Therapies and Cancer Risk |
115 |
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Section 7.1 |
Oral
Contraceptives and Cancer Risk |
116 |
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Section 7.2 |
Menopausal
Hormone Replacement Therapy Use and Cancer |
121 |
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Section 7.3 |
Risk of
Ovarian Cancer from Hormone Therapy Confirmed |
130 |
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Section 7.4 |
Diethylstilbestrol
(DES) and Cancer Risk |
131 |
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Chapter 8 |
Radiation
and Cancer Risk |
137 |
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Section 8.1 |
The
Difference Between Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation |
138 |
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Section 8.2 |
How
Radiation Affects Cancer Risk |
141 |
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Section 8.3 |
Radon and
Cancer |
145 |
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Section 8.4 |
Medical
X-Rays: Benefits and Risks |
149 |
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Section 8.5 |
Iodine-131
and Cancer Risk |
151 |
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Section 8.6 |
Magnetic
Field Exposure and Cancer |
158 |
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Chapter 9 |
Environmental
Carcinogens |
163 |
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PART II |
COMMON
TYPES OF CANCER |
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Cancers Affecting the Brain and Central
Nervous System |
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Chapter 10 |
Brain Tumors |
173 |
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Chapter 11 |
Childhood
Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors |
185 |
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Chapter 12 |
Neuroblastoma |
197 |
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Chapter 13 |
Primary
Central Nervous System Lymphoma |
209 |
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Cancers Affecting the Endocrine System |
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Chapter 14 |
Pituitary
Tumors |
217 |
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Chapter 15 |
Thyroid
Cancer |
229 |
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Chapter 16 |
Parathyroid
Cancer |
245 |
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Chapter 17 |
Adrenocortical Carcinoma |
253 |
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Chapter 18 |
Islet Cell
Tumors |
261 |
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Cancers Affecting the Eyes, Mouth, and Neck |
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Chapter 19 |
Retinoblastoma |
275 |
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Chapter 20 |
Oral Cancer |
283 |
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Chapter 21 |
Laryngeal
Cancer |
293 |
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Cancers that Affect the Lungs |
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Chapter 22 |
Lung
Cancer: An Overview |
309 |
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Chapter 23 |
Small Cell
Lung Cancer |
319 |
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Chapter 24 |
Non-Small
Cell Lung Cancer |
325 |
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Chapter 25 |
Malignant Mesothelioma |
337 |
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Cancers Affecting the Digestive Tract |
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Chapter 26 |
Esophageal
Cancer |
345 |
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Chapter 27 |
Stomach
Cancer |
359 |
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Chapter 28 |
Gallbladder
Cancer |
371 |
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Chapter 29 |
Pancreatic
Cancer |
379 |
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Chapter 30 |
Liver Cancer |
389 |
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Chapter 31 |
Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer |
401 |
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Chapter 32 |
Gastrointestinal
Carcinoid
Tumors |
409 |
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Chapter 33 |
Small
Intestine Cancer |
417 |
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Chapter 34 |
Colon Cancer |
423 |
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Chapter 35 |
Rectal
Cancer |
435 |
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Chapter 36 |
Anal Cancer |
445 |
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Cancers Affecting the Urinary Tract |
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Chapter 37 |
Kidney
Cancers |
451 |
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Section 37.1 |
Renal Cell
Cancer |
452 |
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Section 37.2 |
Wilms Tumor and Other Childhood Kidney
Tumors |
458 |
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Chapter 38 |
Transitional
Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter |
469 |
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Chapter 39 |
Urethral
Cancer |
475 |
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Chapter 40 |
Bladder
Cancer |
483 |
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Cancers Affecting the Breasts and
Reproductive Organs |
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Chapter 41 |
Breast
Cancer |
491 |
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Chapter 42 |
Gynecological
Cancers |
513 |
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Section 42.1 |
Cervical
Cancer |
514 |
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Section 42.2 |
Endometrial
Cancer |
519 |
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Section 42.3 |
Gestational
Trophoblastic
Tumors |
522 |
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Section 42.4 |
Ovarian
Epithelial Cancer |
525 |
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Section 42.5 |
Uterine
Sarcoma |
529 |
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Section 42.6 |
Vaginal
Arid Vulvar
Cancers |
532 |
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Section 42.7 |
Common
Procedures for Cancers of the Female Reproductive Organs |
539 |
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Chapter 43 |
Andrological Cancers |
555 |
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Section 43.1 |
Penile
Cancer |
556 |
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Section 43.2 |
Prostate
Cancer |
563 |
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Section 43.3 |
Testicular
Cancer |
576 |
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Cancers Affecting the Blood Cells and Immune
System |
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Chapter 44 |
Leukemia |
585 |
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Chapter 45 |
Lymphoma |
601 |
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Section 45.1 |
Hodgkin
Lymphoma |
602 |
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Section 45.2 |
Non-Hodgkin
Lymphoma |
613 |
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Chapter 46 |
Multiple Myeloma |
623 |
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Chapter 47 |
Myelodysplastic and Myeloproliferative
Diseases |
633 |
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Chapter 48 |
Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma |
641 |
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Cancers Affecting the Skin and Bones |
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Chapter 49 |
Melanoma |
649 |
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Chapter 50 |
Non-Melanoma
Skin Cancer |
659 |
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Chapter 51 |
Merkel Cell
Carcinoma |
671 |
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Chapter 52 |
Bone Cancers |
679 |
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Section 52.1 |
Questions
and Answers About Bone Cancers |
680 |
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Section 52.2 |
Osteosarcoma and Bone Fibrous Histiocytoma |
685 |
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Section 52.3 |
Ewing
Sarcoma Family of Tumors |
694 |
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Cancers Affecting Other or Multiple Body
Systems |
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Chapter 53 |
Soft Tissue
Sarcomas |
703 |
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Section 53.1 |
Childhood
Soft Tissue Sarcoma |
704 |
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Section 53.2 |
Adult Soft
Tissue Sarcoma |
717 |
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Section 53.3 |
Synovial Sarcoma |
722 |
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Chapter 54 |
Germ Cell
Tumors |
725 |
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Section 54.1 |
Ovarian
Germ Cell Tumors |
726 |
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Section 54.2 |
Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors |
733 |
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Section 54.3 |
Childhood Extracranial
Germ Cell Tumors |
739 |
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Chapter 55 |
Carcinoma
of Unknown Primary Origin |
749 |
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PART III |
CANCER-RELATED
TESTS AND TREATMENTS |
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Chapter 56 |
Cancer
Screening and Early Detection |
755 |
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Chapter 57 |
Common
Medical Procedures and Tests |
765 |
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Section 57.1 |
Medical
Tests and Procedures for Cancer Patients |
766 |
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Section 57.2 |
Cancer
Imaging |
770 |
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Section 57.3 |
Questions
and Answers About Computed Tomography (CT) |
777 |
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Section 57.4 |
Tumor
Markers |
780 |
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Chapter 58 |
Surgical
Procedures and Cancer |
785 |
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Section 58.1 |
What You
Need to Know About Surgery |
786 |
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Section 58.2 |
Lasers in
Cancer Treatment |
792 |
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Section 58.3 |
Cryosurgery
in Cancer Treatment |
794 |
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Chapter 59 |
Chemotherapy |
799 |
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Chapter 60 |
Radiation
Therapy |
809 |
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Chapter 61 |
Bone Marrow
Transplantation and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation |
823 |
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Chapter 62 |
Biological
Therapies |
831 |
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Chapter 63 |
Molecularly
Targeted Therapies |
839 |
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Chapter 64 |
Photodynamic
Therapy for Cancer |
849 |
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Chapter 65 |
Cancer and
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) |
853 |
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Section 65.1 |
Thinking
About CAM |
854 |
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Section 65.2 |
Dietary
Supplements and Cancer Treatment |
862 |
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PART IV |
RECURRENT
AND ADVANCED CANCER |
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Chapter 66 |
Metastatic Cancer |
867 |
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Chapter 67 |
Recurrent
Cancer |
871 |
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Chapter 68 |
End-of-Life
Care |
883 |
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PART V |
CANCER
RESEARCH |
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Chapter 69 |
How to Find
a Cancer Treatment Trial |
897 |
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Chapter 70 |
Access to
Investigational Drugs |
911 |
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Chapter 71 |
Cancer
Vaccines |
917 |
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Chapter 72 |
Gene
Therapy for Cancer |
931 |
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Chapter 73 |
Proton
Therapy |
939 |
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Chapter 74 |
The
Potential of Nanotechnology in Cancer Care |
943 |
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PART VI |
ADDITIONAL
HELP AND INFORMATION |
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Chapter 75 |
A Glossary
of Cancer-Related Terms |
951 |
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Chapter 76 |
National
Organizations Offering Cancer-Related Services |
1013 |
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Chapter 77 |
How to Find
Resources in Your Own Community if you have Cancer |
1029 |
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Chapter 78 |
Beware of
Online Cancer Fraud |
1035 |
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Index |
1041 |
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