Chapter 1

Clinical Chemistry   Barbara Sawyer

1

I

Clinical Chemistry Basics

1

II

Special Methods in Clinical Chemistry

7

III

Basic Anatomy and Physiology

10

IV

Analytes and Pathophysiology

14

V

Enzymology

30

VI

Endocrinology

35

VII

Toxic and Therapeutic Drugs

46

Chapter 2

Hemostasis and Coagulation   Joel Hubbard

52

I

Platelet Physiology

52

II

Platelet Pathophysiology

55

III

Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis

66

IV

Coagulation Disorders

76

Chapter 3

Routine Hematology   Joel Hubbard

85

I

Laboratory Analysis

85

II

Hematopoietic Tissues

94

III

Hemoglobin Synthesis, Structure, and Function

99

IV

Erythrocytes and Erythropoiesis

104

Chapter 4

Hematologic Disorders   Joel Hubbard

117

I

Red Blood Cell Indices and their Use in the Diagnosis of Anemia

117

II

Red Blood Cell (RBC) Disorders

118

III

Anemias and Polycythemias

120

IV

Leukocyte Disorders

145

V

Lymphocyte Physiology and Disorders

164

Chapter 5

Immunology and Serology   Wade Redman and Joel Hubbard

177

I

Introduction

177

II

Cells and Tissues of the Immune System

181

III

Immunity

183

IV

Immune Response (IR)

183

V

Major Histocompatibility Complex

184

VI

Hypersensitivity

187

VII

Autoimmunity

188

VIII

Immunodeficiencies

191

IX

Techniques in Immunology and Serology

193

X

Syphilis Serology

196

XI

Acute Phase Proteins

197

XII

Hepatitis

198

XIII

Streptococcal Serology

200

XIV

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Serology

201

XV

Rubella Serology

202

XVI

Febrile Disease Serology

202

XVII

Borrelia Burdorferi Serology

202

XVIII

Transplant Immunology

203

XIX

Tumor Immunology

205

Chapter 6

Immunohematology   Wade Redman

207

I

Introduction

207

II

Blood Group Systems

208

III

Donor Selection and Blood Collection

217

IV

Donor Processing

219

V

Blood Components and Component Therapy

221

VI

Antiglobulin Testing

224

VII

Unexpected Antibodies

225

VIII

Compatibility Testing

228

IX

Transfusion Reactions

230

X

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN)

231

XI

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias (AIHA)

233

XII

Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases

234

XIII

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)

235

XIV

Alternative Methodologies in Blood Bank Testing

236

Chapter 7

Clinical Microbiology   Lynne Hamilton and Hal Larsen

238

I

Bacteria

238

II

Bacterial Cell Structure

239

III

Stains

241

IV

Normal Flora

241

V

Pathogenesis of Infection

242

VI

Collection and Handling of Clinical Specimens

243

VII

Micrococcaceae

246

VIII

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Related Genera

249

IX

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

254

X

Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

256

XI

Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

258

XII

Enterobacteriaceae

262

XIII

Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Vibrionaceae

265

XIV

Gram-Negative Nonfermentative Bacilli

268

XV

Miscellaneous Genera

271

XVI

Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, and the Chlamydiaceae

272

XVII

Spirochetes

273

XVIII

Mycobacteria

274

XIX

Anaerobes

277

XX

Zoonotic and Rickettsial Infections

282

XXI

Agents of Bioterrorism

283

XXII

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

284

XXIII

Disinfection and Sterilization

287

XXIV

Molecular Testing

288

Chapter 8

Clinical Parasitology, Mycology, and Virology   Lori Rice-Spearman and Lynne Hamilton

289

I

Parasitology

289

II

Mycology

297

III

Virology

305

Chapter 9

Urinalysis and Body Fluids Analysis   Barbara Sawyer

313

I

The Renal System

313

II

The Urine Specimen

314

III

Physical Examination of Urine

319

IV

Chemical Examination of Urine

322

V

Microscopic Examination of the Urine

327

VI

Automation in the Urinalysis Laboratory

335

VII

Metabolic Products in the Urine

335

VIII

Diseases of the Kidney

338

IX

Renal Synthetic Products

343

X

Urine Pregnancy Testing

344

XI

Serous Body Fluids

345

XII

Synovial Fluid

347

XIII

Seminal Fluid Analysis

348

XIV

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Analysis

351

XV

Gastric Fluid Analysis

354

XVI

Fecal Analysis

355

Chapter 10

Molecular Diagnostics   Tootie Tatum

360

I

Biology of the Cell

360

II

Molecular Diagnostic Methods

362

III

Inherited Genetic Disease

365

IV

Molecular Oncology

365

V

Molecular Infectious Disease

366

VI

DNA-Based Human Identification

366

Chapter 11

Current Issues in Laboratory Management   Wade Redman, Lori Rice-Spearman, and Hal S. Larsen

368

I

Management and Organizational Theory

368

II

Professionalism

370

III

Quality Assurance

371

IV

Laboratory Regulations

372

V

Financial Management

381

VI

Laboratory Information Systems (LIS)

382

VII

Instrument Selection Process

382

VIII

Problem Solving

383

IX

Delivery of Education Unit

383

X

Outreach Program

383

Index

385