Preface

vii

Acknowledgments

ix

1

The Cell

1

Graphic 1-1

The Cell

2

1-2

The Organelles

3

1-3

Membranes and Membrane Trafficking

7

1-4

Protein Synthesis and Exocytosis

8

Plate 1-1

Typical Cell

12

1 -2

Cell Organelles and Inclusions

14

1-3

Cell Surface Modifications

16

1-4

Mitosis, Light and Electron Microscopy

18

1-5

Typical Cell, Electron Microscopy

20

1-6

Nucleus and Cytoplasm, Electron Microscopy

22

1-7

Nucleus and Cytoplasm, Electron Microscopy

24

1-8

Golgi Apparatus, Electron Microscopy

26

1-9

Mitochondria, Electron Microscopy

28

2

Epithelium and Glands

31

Graphic 2-1

Junctional Complex

33

2-2

Salivary Gland

34

Plate 2-1

Simple Epithelia and Pseudostratified Epithelium

38

2-2

Stratified Epithelia and Transitional Epithelium

40

2-3

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium, Electron Microscopy

42

2-4

Epithelial Junctions, Electron Microscopy

44

2-5

Glands

46

2-6

Glands

48

3

Connective Tissue

51

Graphic 3-1

Collagen

52

3-2

Connective Tissue Cells

53

Plate 3-1

Embryonic and Connective Tissue Proper I

58

3-2

Connective Tissue Proper II

60

3-3

Connective Tissue Proper III

62

3-4

Fibroblasts and Collagen, Electron Microscopy

64

3-5

Mast Cell, Electron Microscopy

65

3-6

Mast Cell Degranulation, Electron Microscopy

66

3-7

Developing Fat Cell, Electron Microscopy

67

4

Cartilage and Bone

71

Graphic 4-1

Compact Bone

74

4-2

Endochondral Bone Formation

75

Plate 4-1

Embryonic and Hyaline Cartilages

80

4-2

Elastic and Fibrocartilages

82

4-3

Compact Bone

84

4-4

Compact Bone and Intramembranous Ossification

86

4-5

Endochondral Ossification

88

4-6

Endochondral Ossification

90

4-7

Hyaline Cartilage, Electron Microscopy

92

4-8

Osteoblasts, Electron Microscopy

93

4-9

Osteoclast, Electron Microscopy

94

5

Blood and Hemopoiesis

99

Plate 5-1

Circulating Blood

105

5-2

Circulating Blood

106

5-3

Blood and Hemopoiesis

107

5-4

Bone Marrow and Circulating Blood

108

5-5

Erythropoiesis

110

5-6

Granulocytopoiesis

111

6

Muscle

115

Graphic 6-1

Molecular Structure of Skeletal Muscle

116

6-2

Types of Muscle

117

Plate 6-1

Skeletal Muscle

122

6-2

Skeletal Muscle, Electron Microscopy

124

6-3

Myoneural Junction, Light and Electron Microscopy

126

6-4

Myoneural Junction, Scanning Electron Microscopy

128

6-5

Muscle Spindle, Light and Electron Microscopy

129

6-6

Smooth Muscle

130

6-7

Smooth Muscle, Electron Microscopy

132

6-8

Cardiac Muscle

134

6-9

Cardiac Muscle, Electron Microscopy

136

7

Nervous Tissue

139

Graphic 7-1

Spinal Nerve Morphology

140

7-2

Neurons and Myoneural Junction

141

Plate 7-1

Spinal Cord

146

7-2

Cerebellum, Synapse, Electron Microscopy

148

7-3

Cerebrum, Neuroglial Cells

150

7-4

Sympathetic Ganglia, Sensory Ganglia

152

7-5

Peripheral Nerve, Choroid Plexus

154

7-6

Peripheral Nerve, Electron Microscopy

156

7-7

Neuron Cell Body, Electron Microscopy

158

8

Circulatory System

161

Graphic 8-1

Artery and Vein

162

8-2

Capillary Types

163

Plate 8-1

Elastic Artery

168

8-2

Muscular Artery, Vein

170

8-3

Arterioles, Venules, Capillaries, Lymph Vessels

172

8-4

Heart

174

8-5

Capillary, Electron Microscopy

176

8-6

Freeze Etch, Fenestrated Capillary, Electron Microscopy

178

9

Lymphoid Tissue

181

Graphic 9-1

Lymphoid Tissues

182

9-2

Lymph Node, Thymus, and Spleen

183

Plate 9-1

Lymphatic Infiltration, Lymphatic Nodule

190

9-2

Lymph Node

192

9-3

Lymph Node, Tonsils

194

9-4

Lymph Node, Electron Microscopy

196

9-5

Thymus

198

9-6

Spleen

200

10

Endocrine System

205

Graphic 10-1

Pituitary Gland and Its Hormones

206

10-2

Endocrine Glands

207

10-3

Sympathetic Innervation of the Viscera and the Medulla of the Suprarenal Gland

210

Plate 10-1

Pituitary Gland

214

10-2

Pituitary Gland

216

10-3

Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid Gland

218

10-4

Suprarenal Gland

220

10-5

Suprarenal Gland, Pineal Body

222

10-6

Pituitary Gland, Electron Microscopy

224

10-7

Pituitary Gland, Electron Microscopy

225

11

Integument

229

Graphic 11-1

Skin and Its Derivatives

230

11-2

Hair, Sweat Glands, Sebaceous Glands

231

Plate 11-1

Thick Skin

236

11-2

Thin Skin

238

11-3

Hair Follicles and Associated Structures, Sweat Glands

240

11-4

Nail, Pacinian and Meissner’s Corpuscles

242

11-5

Sweat Gland, Electron Microscopy

244

12

Respiratory System

247

Graphic 12-1

Conducting Portion of the Respiratory System

250

12-2

Respiratory Portion of the Respiratory System

251

Plate 12-1

Olfactory Mucosa, Larynx

254

12-2

Trachea

256

12-3

Respiratory Epithelium and Cilia, Electron Microscopy

258

12-4

Bronchi, Bronchioles

260

12-5

Lung Tissue

262

12-6

Blood-Air Barrier, Electron Microscopy

264

13

Digestive System I—Oral Region

267

Graphic 13-1

Tooth and Tooth Development

268

13-2

Tongue and Taste Bud

269

Plate 13-1

Lip

272

13-2

Tooth and Pulp

274

13-3

Periodontal Ligament and Gingiva

276

13-4

Tooth Development

278

13-5

Tongue

280

13-6

Tongue and Palate

282

13-7

Teeth and Nasal Aspect of the Hard Palate

284

13-8

Teeth Scanning Electron Micrograph of Enamel

286

13-9

Teeth Scanning Electron Micrograph of Dentin

287

14

Digestive System II—Alimentary Canal

291

Graphic 14-1

Stomach and Small Intestine

294

14-2

Large Intestine

295

Plate 14-1

Esophagus

300

14-2

Stomach

302

14-3

Stomach

304

14-4

Duodenum

306

14-5

Jejunum, Ileum

308

14-6

Colon, Appendix

310

14-7

Colon, Electron Microscopy

312

14-8

Colon, Scanning Electron Microscopy

313

15

Digestive System III—Digestive Glands

317

Graphic 15-1

Pancreas

318

15-2

Liver

319

Plate 15-1

Salivary Glands

322

15-2

Pancreas

324

15-3

Liver

326

15-4

Liver, Gallbladder

328

15-5

Salivary Gland, Electron Microscopy

330

15-6

Liver, Electron Microscopy

332

15-7

Islet of Langerhans, Electron Microscopy

333

16

Urinary System

335

Graphic 16-1

Uriniferous Tubules

336

16-2

Renal Corpuscle

337

Plate 16-1

Kidney, Survey and General Morphology

342

16-2

Renal Cortex

344

16-3

Glomerulus, Scanning Electron Microscopy

346

16-4

Renal Corpuscle, Electron Microscopy

347

16-5

Renal Medulla

348

16-6

Ureter and Urinary Bladder

350

17

Female Reproductive System

353

Graphic 17-1

Female Reproductive System

354

17-2

Placenta and Hormonal Cycle

355

Plate

17-1 Ovary

360

17-2

Ovary and Corpus Luteum

362

17-3

Ovary and Oviduct

364

17-4

Oviduct, Light and Electron Microscopy

366

17-5

Uterus

368

17-6

Uterus

370

17-7

Placenta and Vagina

372

17-8

Mammary Gland

374

18

Male Reproductive System

379

Graphic 18-1

Male Reproductive System

380

18-2

Spermiogenesis

381

Plate 18-1

Testis

386

18-2

Testis and Epididymis

388

18-3

Epididymis, Ductus Deferens, and Seminal Vesicle

390

18-4

Prostate, Penis, and Urethra

392

18-5

Epididymis, Electron Microscopy

394

19

Special Senses

397

Graphic 19-1

Eye

398

19-2

Ear

399

Plate 19-1

Eye, Cornea, Sclera, Iris, and Ciliary Body

404

19-2

Retina, Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy

406

19-3

Fovea, Lens, Eyelid, and Lacrimal Glands

408

19-4

Inner Ear

410

19-5

Cochlea

412

19-6

Spiral Organ of Corti

414

Index

419