Acknowledgments

x

Contributors

xi

Preface to the Third Edition

xvii

Preface to the Second Edition

xviii

Preface to the First Edition

xix

Foreword   Douglas P. Zipes

xx

PART I

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES

1

1

Cardiac Activation Mapping: The Amsterdam Years   Hein J. Wellens

3

PART II

METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS

11

2

Construction and Interpretation of Endocardial Maps: From Basic Electrophysiology to 3D Mapping   Lars Eckardt, Günter Breithardt

13

3

Cardiac Anatomy for Interventional Electrophysiology and Mapping   Siew Yen Ho, José Angel Cabrera, Damian Sánchez-Quintana

27

4

Principles of Noncontact Endocardial Cardiac Mapping   Kim Rajappan, Richard J. Schilling

37

5

Principles of Nonfluoroscopic Electroanatomical and Electromechanical Cardiac Mapping   Yitzhack Schawrtz, Shlomo A. Ben-Haim

49

6

Principles of NavX Mapping   Christopher Piorkowski, Gerhard Hindricks

71

7

Magnetic Navigation: Catheter Ablation   Sabine Ernst

80

8

CT Angiography: Cardiac Anatomy for Mapping and Ablation of Arrhythmias   Jerold S. Shinbane, Daniel Goodwin, Leslie A. Saxon, Matthew J. Budoff

86

9

MRI Anatomy for Cardiac Mapping and Ablation   Aravindan Kolandaivelu, Henry R. Halperin, Albert C. Lardo

101

10

Challenges and Limitations of Electroanatomical Mapping Technologies   Jeff M. Hsing, Paul Zei, Henry H. Hsia, Paul J. Wang, Amin Al-Ahmad

117

PART III

MAPPING IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS

127

11

Mapping of Atrial Neural Stimulation and Implications in Atrial Fibrillation   Pierre Pagé, René Cardinal

129

12

Mapping of Neurally Based Atrial Arrhythmias   Guo-Dong Niu, Benjamin J. Scherlag, Zhibing Lu, Jeffery Edwards, Eugene Patterson, Muhammad Ghias, Annerie Moers, Shu Zhang, Ralph Lazzara, Warren M. Jackman, Sunny S. Po

141

13

Electrophysiological Mapping of the Right and Left Ventricle in Animals   Jacques MT de Bakker, Jérôme GM Jungschleger, Marc A. Vos

152

PART IV

MAPPING OF SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS

163

14

Endocardial Catheter Mapping in Patients with Wolff–Parkinson–White Syndrome and Variants of Preexcitation   Nikolaos Dagres, Hans Kottkamp

165

15

Cryomapping of the Perinodal Region: A Safe and Effective Technique for Ablation of the AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia   Mohammad R. Jazayeri

183

16

Mapping and Ablation of AVNRT and its Subtypes   Stephan Willems, Daniel Steven, Boris Lutomsky, Imke Drewitz, Helge Servatius, Thomas Meinertz, Thomas Rostock

199

17

New Observations on Mapping and Ablation of Atrial Flutter   Navinder S. Sawhney, Gregory K. Feld

212

18

Mapping of Macroreentrant Atrial Tachycardias   Mohammad Shenasa, Hossein Shenasa, Chrisopher Piorkowski, Gerhard Hindricks

233

19

Mapping of Focal Atrial Tachycardias   Nitish Badhwar, Byron K. Lee, Jeffery E. Olgin

256

20

Interpretation of Atrial Electrograms During Atrial Fibrillation   Sébastien Knecht, Rajesh Subbiah, Mélèze Hocini, Pierre Jaïs, Kang-Teng Lim, Seiichiro Mutsuo, Leonardo Arantes, Mark D. O’Neill, Nicolas Derval, Frederic Sacher, Antoine Deplagne, Pierre Bordachar, Jacques Clémenty, Michel Haïssaguerre

267

21

Different Mapping Approaches for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation   KR Julian Chan, Feifan Ouyang, Karl-Heinz Kuck

277

21

Integration of Nonelectrophysiological Imaging Technologies into the Mapping of Atrial Fibrillation   Tamer S. Fahmy, J. David Burkhardt, Andrea Natale

288

PART V

MAPPING OF VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS

299

23

Substrate Mapping for Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Coronary Artery Disease   John V. Wylie, Jr, Timothy W. Smith, Mark E. josephson

301

24

Mapping of Unstable Ventricular Tachycardia   Usha B. Tedrow, William Stevenson

310

25

Endocardial and Epicardial Mapping of Nonischemic Right and Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy   Mathew D. Hutchinson, Francis E. Marchlinski

323

26

Role of Mapping in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy   Molly Sachdev, Hugh Calkins

337

27

Mapping of Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardias: RV and LV Outflow and Septal Tachycardias   Mohammad Ali Sadr-Ameli, Majid Haghjoo, Zahra Emkanjoo

346

28

Role of Different Stimulation Techniques (Pace Mapping, Entrainment Mapping) in Different Subset of Ventricular Tachycardias   Frank Bogun, Fred Morady

357

29

Endocardial Catheter Pace Mapping of Ventricular Tachycardias   Mithilesh K. Das, John C. Lopshire, Deepak Bhakta, Anil V. Yadav, John M. Miller

366

30

Electrical and Anatomical Mapping of Different Pathologies: Ischemic, Dilated, and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies   Arash Arya, Hans Kottkamp, Christopher Piorkowski, Gerhard Hindricks

376

31

Mapping and Ablation of Tachyarrhythmias in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease   Edward P. Walsh

385

32

Transthoracic Epicardial Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia   André d’ Avila, Mauricio Scanavacca, Eduardo Sosa

401

PART VI

NEW FRONTIERS

411

33

Mapping of Ventricular Tachycardia and Fibrillation: Role of the Purkinje System   Paul B. Tabereaux, Derek J. Dosdall, Raymond E. Ldeker

413

34

Mapping Rotors in Animals and Humans During Atrial Fibrillation   Omer Berenfeld, Jérôme Khalifa

423

35

Role of Mapping in Channelopathies: Brugada Syndrome, Long-QT Syndrome, and Idiopathic VF   Sergio Richter, Pedro Brugada

434

36

Molecular Cardiovascular Imaging with SPECT and PET   Michael Schäfers, Günter Breithardt, Otmar Schober

454

37

Optical Mapping: Its Impact on Understanding Arrhythmia Mechanisms   Guy Salama, Bum-Rak Choi

463

38

The Kinetics of Intracellular Calcium and Arrhythmogenesis in Ischemia/Reperfusion: A Calcium-Centric Mechanism of Arrhythmia   Nabil El-Sharif, Gil Bub, Vikram Lakireddy

474

39

Role of Body Surface Mapping   Christian Vahlhaus, Günter Breithardt, Lars Eckardt

445

40

Electrocardiographs Imaging of Heart Failure Patients with Left Bundle Branch Block: Effects of Right Ventricular Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy   Niraj Varma, Ping Jia, Yorum Rudy

492

41

How to Better Map and Future Directions in Cardiac Mapping   Mohammad Shenasa, Jafar Shenasa, Javad Rahimian

501

Index

520