List of Contributors

vii

Preface

xi

Acknowledgements

xii

PART 1

HISTORY, EDUCATION, OUTCOMES, AND SCIENCE

1

Chapter 1

History of Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease   Dolly Di-Hansen, M.D. and Paul R. Mickey, M.D.

3

Chapter 2

Education for Anesthesia in Patients with Congenital Cardiac Disease   Sugantha Sundar, M.D. arid James, A. DiNardo, M.D., F.A.A.P.

18

Chapter 3

Quality, Outcomes, and Databases in Congenital Cardiac Anesthesia   David F. Vener, M.D.

29

Chapter 4

Embryology, Development, and Nomenclature of Congenital Heart Disease   ‘ Ivan Wilmot, M.D. and Waridd C Miller-Hance, M.D.

37

Chapter 5

Physiology and Molecular Biology of the {Developing Circulation   ‘Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M.

55

Chapter 6

Anesthetic Agents and Their Cardiovascular Effects   Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M.

77

Chapter 7

Cardiopulmonary Bypass   Ralph Gertler, M.D. and Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D.

93

Chapter 8

The Inflammatory Response and Its Modification   Emad B. Mossad, M.D. and Elumalai Appachi, M.D.

121

PART 2

MONITORING

139

Chapter 9

Vascular Access and Monitoring   Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M.

141

Chapter 10

Neurologic Monitoring and Outcome   Chandra Ramamoorthy, M.B., B.S.; F.F.A.(UK) and Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D.

167

Chapter 11

Transesophageal Echocardiography in Congenital Heart Disease   Isobel A Russell, M.D., Ph.D. and Wanda C. Miller-Hance, M.D.

183

Chapter 12

Bleeding and Coagulation: Monitoring and Management   Bruce E. Miller, M.D. and Glyn D. Williams, M.B.Ch.B., F.F.A

205

PART 3

PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS

221

Chapter 13

Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation   Emad B. Mossad, M.D. and Javier Joglar, M.D.

223

Chapter 14

Approach to the Fetus, Premature, and Full-Term Infant   Kirsten C. Odegard, M.D. and Peter C. Laussen, M.B.B.S.

244

Chapter 15

Approach to the Teenaged and Adult Patient   Victor C. Baum, M.D. and Duncan C de Souza, M.D.

262

PART 4

MANAGEMENT

285

Chapter 16

Hemodynamic Management   Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D.

287

Chapter 17

Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Management   Jeffrey J. Kirn, M.D., Kathryn K. Collins, M.D. and Wanda C. Milter-Hance, M.D.

308

Chapter 18

Airway and Ventilatory Management   Stephen A. Stayer, M.D. and Gregory B. Hammer, M.D

338

Chapter 19

Regional Anesthesia and Postoperative Pain Management   M. Gail Boltz, M.D., Gregory B. Hammer, M.D. and Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M.

356

PART 5

ANESTHESIA FOR SPECIFIC LESIONS

371

Chapter 20

Anesthesia for Left-to-Right Shunt Lesions   Scott G. Walker, M.D.

373

Chapter 21

Anesthesia for Left-Sided Obstructive Lesions   James P. Spaeth, M.D. and Andreas W. Loepke, M.D., Ph.D.

398

Chapter 22

Anesthesia for Right-Sided Obstructive Lesions   Michael L. Schmitz, M.D. and Sana Ullah, M.D.

419

Chapter 23

Anesthesia for Transposition of the Great Vessels   Kathryn Rouine-Rapp, M.D.

444

Chapter 24

Anesthesia for the Patient with a Single Ventricle   Laura K. Diaz, M.D., Susan C. Nicolson, M.D. and James M. Steven, M.D.

456

Chapter 25

Anesthesia for Miscellaneous Cardiac Lesions   Maria Markakis Zestos, M.D. and Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M.

480

Chapter 26

Anesthesia for Cardiac and Pulmonary Transplantation   Glyn D. Williams, M.B.Ch.B., F.F.A. and Chandra Ramamoorthy, M.B., B.S., F.F.A. and Sharma Anshuman, M.D., F.F.A.R.C.S.I., M.B.A.

493

PART 6

ANESTHESIA OUTSIDE THE CARDIAC OPERATING ROOM

519

Chapter 27

Anesthesia for the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory   Philip D. Arnold, B.M., F.R.C.A., Helen M. Holtby, M.B.B.S., F.R.C.P.C. and Dean B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M.

521

Chapter 28

Anesthesia for Noncardiac Surgery and Magnetic Resonance Imaging   Laura K. Diaz, M.D.

546

Chapter 29

Cardiac Intensive Care   Peter C. Laussen, M.B.B.S. and Stephen J. Roth, M.D., M.P.H.

583

Chapter 30

Mechanical Support of the Circulation   Pablo Motta, M.D., Brain W. Duncan, M.D. and Stephen Stayer, M.D.

612

Appendix

Texas Children’s Hospital Pediatric Cardiovascular Anesthesia Drug Sheet (March 2009)

628

Index

631