SECTION I

VACCINE-PREVENTABLE DISEASES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

1

Introduction to Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in Children and Adolescents   ChrisAnna M. Mink

2

2

Diphtheria and Tetanus   Bruce D. Meade and Kristin E. Meade

5

3

Bordetella pertussis and Pertussis (Whooping Cough)   Sylvia H. Yen and ChrisAnna M. Mink

11

4

Haemophilus influenzae Type b   Sylvia H. Yen

15

5

Pneumococcat Disease: Infections Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae   R. Douglas Pratt

19

6

Infections Caused by Neisseria meningitidis   Margaret C. Bash and Anjali N. Kunz

24

7

Poliomyelitis (Polio) and Polioviruses   ChrisAnna M. Mink

29

8

Influenza   Sylvia H. Yeh

34

9

Rotavirus Infection   S. Michael Marcy and Susan Partridge

39

10

Measles   Alison Margaret Kesson

42

11

Mumps   Alison Margaret Kesson

47

12

Rubella   Alison Margaret Kesson

51

13

Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections   Sylvia H. Yeh

55

14

Hepatitis A Infection and Prevention   Dean A. Blumberg

60

15

Hepatitis 8 Infection   Dean A. Blumberg

65

16

Human Papillomavirus Infections and Prevention   Dean A. Blumberg

71

SECTION II

SKIN AND SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS

17

Introduction to Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections   Dennis L. Stevens

76

18

Impetigo  Dennis L Stevens

78

19

Erysipelas and Cellulitis   Dennis L. Stevens

81

20

Folliculitis, Furuncles, and Carbuncles   Dennis L. Stevens

87

21

Life-Threatening Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections   Dennis L. Stevens and Amy E. Bryant

94

22

Superficial Dermatophyte Infections of the Skin   Gregory Raugi and Thao U. Nguyen

102

23

Herpes Simplex Virus Infection   John D. Kriesel and Christopher M. Hull

110

24

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Skin Infections   Luis C. Tulloch

117

SECTION III

RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS

25

Introduction to Respiratory Tract Infections   Thomas M. File, Jr.

126

26

Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Bacterial   Thomas M. File, Jr.

127

27

Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia   Lee E. Morrow and Marin H. Kollef

137

28

Atypical Pneumonia   Thomas M. File, Jr.

146

29

Aspiration Pneumonia   John C. Bartlett

153

30

Viral Respiratory Infections   Michael J. Tan

157

31

Sinus Infections   Anthony W. Chow

161

32

Acute Otitis Media   Blaise L. Congeni

172

33

Pharyngitis   John R. Bower

177

34

Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease   Sanjay Sethi

183

SECTION IV

SYSTEMIC INFECTIONS

35

Introduction to Systemic Infections   Dennis L. Stevens

188

36

Endocarditis   Sky R. Blue, Casi M. Wyatt, and Thomas J. Coffman

190

37

Meningitis   Thomas A. Kurrus and Martin C. Tauber

202

38

Osteomyelitis   Russell W. Steele

214

39

Urinary Tract Infections   Dimitri M. Drekonja and James R. Johnson

221

40

Systemic Fungal Infections   Carol A. Kauffman

227

SECTION V

SURGICAL INFECTIONS

41

Surgical. Infections: Introduction and Overview   E. Patchen Bellinger

238

42

Acute Appendicitis   Heather M. Vasser and Daniel A. Anaya

239

43

Acute Ascending Cholangitis and Suppurative, Toxic Cholangitis   Patrick S. Woff and James O. Park

245

44

Acute Diverticulitis   Natasha S. Becker and Daniel A. Anaya

251

45

Hydatid Cyst Disease (Echinococcosis)   Austin L Spitzer, Paul S. Pottinger, and James O. Park

258

46

Intraabdominal Abscess   Christopher M. Watson and Robert C. Sawyer

262

47

Liver Abscess: Pyogenic and Amebic Hepatic Abscess   Patrick S. Wolf and James 0. Park

268

48

Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections   Daniel A. Anaya and E. Patchen Dellinger

273

49

Anorectal Abscess and Fistula in Ano   Arden M. Morris

278

50

Peritonitis   Christopher M. Watson and Robert C. Sawyer

286

51

Pyomyositis (Pyomyositis Tropicans)   Joseph F. Woodward, James 0. Park, andE. Patchen Dellinger

292

52

Surgical Site Infections   E. Patchen Dellinger

295

SECTION VI

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

53

Introduction to Sexually Transmitted Infections   Jeanne M. Marrazzo

300

54

Trichomoniasis   Jill S. Huppert

303

55

Herpes Simplex Virus Genital Infection   Nicholas J. Moss and Anna Wald

311

56

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome   Shireesha Dhanireddy

319

57

Human Papillomavirus   Eileen F, Dunne

327

58

Infections Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Including Lymphogranuloma Venereum   William M. Ceisler

335

59

Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae   Lori Marie Newman and Kimberly Workowski

344

60

Syphilis (Treponema pallidum)   Stephanie E. Cohen, Joseph Engelman, and Jeffrey D. Klausner

351

61

Related Syndromes and Less Common Sexually Transmitted Infections   John F. Toney

362

SECTION VII

INFECTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL AND OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES

62

Introduction to Infections Associated with International Travel and Outdoor Activities   Elaine C. Jong

372

63

Malaria   Elaine C.Jong

373

64

Yellow Fever   Mark D. Cershman and j. Erin Staples

383

65

Travelers’ Diarrhea   Martin S. Wolfe

390

66

Enteric Fever: Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever   Elaine C. Jong

394

67

Viral Hepatitis   Michael James Babineaux and Miriam J. Alter

400

68

Rabies   Kis Robertson, Nina Marano, and KatherineJ. Johnson

411

69

Arboviruses of Medical Importance   Theodore F. Tsai

419

70

Leptospirosis   Vernon Ansdell

425

71

Lyme Disease   Christopher Sanford

430

72

Tick-Borne Encephalitis   Martin Haditsch

435

73

Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis   Covinda S. Visvesvara, Jonathan S. Voder, and Michael J. Beach

442

SECTION VIII

PARASITIC DISEASES

74

Introduction to Parasitic Diseases   Elaine C. Jong

450

75

Amebiasis   Martin S. Wolfe

452

76

Ciardiasis   Martin S. Wolfe

458

77

Other Intestinal Protozoa   Martin S. Wolfe

463

78

Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Other Intestinal Roundworms   Elaine C. Jong

466

79

Intestinal Cestodes (Tapeworms)   Douglas William MacPherson

475

80

Cysticercosis   Raul E. Isturiz and Hector H. Garcia

481

81

Food-Borne Trematodes: Liver, Lung, and Intestinal Flukes   Elaine C. Jong

486

82

Echinococcosis: Cystic and Alveolar Disease   Christina M. Coyle

491

83

Trichinellosis   Zvi Shimoni and Paul Froom

502

84

Filarial Diseases   Jan Agosti

505

85

Schistosomiasis   Elaine C.Jong

516

86

Chagas Disease   Fabiana Simao Machado and Herbert B. Tanowitz

522

SECTION IX

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND PANDEMICS

87

Introduction to Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemics   Jo Hofmann

528

88

Novel Influenza   Jo Hofmann

530

89

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)   Eileen Schneider

537

90

Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis   Christopher Edward Spitters

544

91

‘West Nile Virus Disease   Crant L. Campbell, J. Erin Staples, James J. Sejvar, and Marc Fischer

554

92

Anthrax   Benjamin D. Moser, Sean V. Shadomy, and Theresa L. Smith

560

93

Tularemia   Jo Hofmann

567