Table
of Contents
|
|
|
|
Preface |
v |
|
Acknowledgements |
vii |
|
Reviewers |
viii |
PART I |
INTRODUCTION |
|
Chapter 1 |
Histologic Methods |
2 |
Section 1 |
Tissue
Preparation and Staining of Sections |
2 |
Section 2 |
Histoiogic Slide
Interpretation |
3 |
Figure 1.1 |
Kidney
Cortex with Renal Corpuscle and Different Convoluted Tubules |
4 |
Figure 1.2 |
Skeletal
Muscle Sectioned in Longitudinal Plane and Cross Section with Surrounding
Blue Staining Connective Tissue |
4 |
Figure 1.3 |
Villus of Small Intestine with Brush
Border, Columnar Epithelium, and Goblet Cells |
4 |
Figure 1.4 |
Section of
a Wall from the Aorta, Showing the Presence of Dark-Staining Elastic Fibers
and the Pink Smooth Muscles |
5 |
Figure 1.5 |
Sntramembranous Ossification in
Skull Bones Showing the Blue Connective Tissue, Red Blood Cells, and Blood
Vessels with Blood Cells |
5 |
Figure 1.6 |
Blood Smear
with Different Cells and Platelets |
5 |
Figure 1.7 |
Cross
Section of the Spinal Cord Showing the Gray and White Matter |
6 |
Figure 1.8 |
Cross
Section of a Peripheral Nerve, Showing the Myelin Sheath of the Axons |
6 |
Figure 1.9 |
Small
Artery and Veins, Showing Blood Cells and the Surrounding Connective Tissues |
6 |
Figure 1.10 |
Planes of
Sections through a Round Object, a Hard-Boiled, Solid Egg |
8 |
Figure 1.11 |
Planes of
Section through a Hollow Object, a Tube |
9 |
Figure 1.12 |
Tubules of
the Testis in Different Planes of Section |
10 |
PART II |
CELL AND CYTOPLASM |
|
Chapter 2 |
Light and Transmission Electron Microscopy |
13 |
Overview Figure 2.1 |
Composite
Illustration of a Cell, its Cytoplasm, and its Organelles |
12 |
Overview Figure 2.2 |
Composition
of the Cell Membrane |
18 |
Figure 2.1 |
Internal
and External Morphologies of Ciliated and Nonciliated Epithelium |
19 |
Figure 2.2 |
Junctional Complex Between
Epithelial Cells |
21 |
Figure 2.3 |
Basal
Regions of Epithelial Cells |
21 |
Figure 2.4 |
Basal
Region of an Ion-Transporting Cell |
23 |
Figure 2.5 |
Cilia and Microvilli |
23 |
Figure 2.6 |
Nuclear
Envelope and Nuclear Pores |
25 |
Figure 2.7 |
Mitochondria
{Longitudinal and Cross Section) |
27 |
Figure 2.8 |
Rough
Endoplasmic Reticulum |
27 |
Figure 2.9 |
Smooth
Endoplasmic Reticulum |
29 |
Figure 2.10 |
Golgi Apparatus |
29 |
Figure 2.11 |
Ultrastructure of Lysosomes and
Residual Bodies in the Cytoplasm of a Tissue Macrophage |
31 |
Chapter 3 |
Cells and the Celt Cycle |
37 |
Overview Figure 3.1 |
Cell Cycle |
36 |
Figure 3.1 |
Different
Phases of Mitosis and Cytokinesis |
39 |
PART III |
TISSUES |
|
Chapter 4 |
Epithelial Tissue |
43 |
Overview Figure 4.1 |
Different
Types of Epithelia in Selected Organs |
42 |
Section 1 |
Classification
of Epithelial Tissue |
43 |
Figure 4.1 |
Simple Squamous
Epithelium: Surface View of Peritoneal Mesothelium |
45 |
Figure 4.2 |
Simple Squamous
Epithelium: Peritoneal Mesothelium
Surrounding Small Intestine (Transverse Section) |
45 |
Figure 4.3 |
Different
Epithelial Types in the Kidney Cortex |
46 |
Figure 4.4 |
Simple
Columnar Epithelium: Surface of Stomach |
47 |
Figure 4.5 |
Simple
Columnar Epithelium on Villi
in Small Intestine: Cells with Striated Borders (Microvilli) and Goblet Cells |
48 |
Figure 4.6 |
Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated
Epithelium: Respiratory Passages— Trachea |
49 |
Figure 4.7 |
Transitional
Epithelium: Bladder (Unstretched,
or Relaxed) |
50 |
Figure 4.8 |
Transitional
Epithelium: Bladder (Stretched) |
52 |
Figure 4.9 |
Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized
Epithelium: Esophagus |
52 |
Figure 4.10 |
Stratified Squamous Keratinized
Epithelium: Palm of the Hand |
54 |
Figure 4.11 |
Stratified Cuboidal
Epithelium: an Excretory Duct in Salivary Gland |
54 |
Section 2 |
Classification
of Glandular Tissue |
56 |
Figure 4.12 |
Unbranched Simple Tubular
Exocrine Glands: Intestinal Glands. (A) Diagram of Gland. (B) Transverse
Section of Large Intestine |
57 |
Figure 4.13 |
Simple Branched Tubular
Exocrine Gland: Gastric Glands. (A) Diagram of Gland. (B) Transverse Section
of Stomach |
58 |
Figure 4.14 |
Coiled
Tubular Exocrine Glands: Sweat Glands. (A) Diagram of Gland. (B) Transverse
and Three-Dimensional View of Coiled Sweat Gland |
59 |
Figure 4.15 |
Compound Acinar Exocrine
Gland: Mammary Gland. (A) Diagram of Gland. (B and C) Mammary Gland during
Lactation |
60 |
Figure 4.16 |
Compound Tubuloacinar
(Exocrine) Gland: Salivary Gland. (A) Diagram of Gland. (B) Submandibular
Salivary Gland |
61 |
Figure 4.17 |
Compound Tubuloacinar
{Exocrine) Gland: Submaxillary
Salivary Gland |
62 |
Figure 4.18 |
Endocrine
Gland: Pancreatic Islet. (A) Diagram of Pancreatic Islet. (B) High
Magnification of Endocrine and Exocrine Pancreas |
63 |
Figure 4.19 |
Endocrine
and Exocrine Pancreas |
64 |
Chapter 5 |
Connective Tissue |
67 |
Overview Figure 5.1 |
Composite
Illustration of Loose Connective Tissue with its predominant Cells and Fibers |
66 |
Figure 5.1 |
Loose
Connective Tissue (Spread) |
71 |
Figure 5.2 |
Cells of
the Connective Tissue |
73 |
Figure 5.3 |
Connective
a Tissue, a Capillary, and a Mast Cell in the Mesentery of A Small Intestine |
75 |
Figure 5.4 |
Embryonic
Connective Tissue |
75 |
Figure 5.5 |
Loose
Connective Tissue with Blood Vessels and Adipose Cells |
77 |
Figure 5.6 |
Dense
Irregular and Loose Irregular Connective Tissue |
77 |
Figure 5.7 |
Dense
Irregular and Loose Irregular Connective Tissue |
79 |
Figure 5.8 |
Dense
Irregular Connective Tissue and Adipose Tissue |
79 |
Figure 5.9 |
Dense
Regular Connective Tissue: Tendon (Longitudinal Section) |
81 |
Figure 5.10 |
Dense
Regular Connective Tissue: Tendon (Longitudinal Section) |
81 |
Figure 5.11 |
Dense
Regular Connective Tissue: Tendon (Transverse Section) |
83 |
Figure 5.12 |
Adipose
Tissue in the Intestine |
83 |
Chapter 6 |
Hematopoietic Tissue |
87 |
Overview Figure 6.1 |
Differentiation
of Myeloid and Lymphoid Stem Cells into their Mature Forms and their
Distribution in the Blood and Connective Tissue |
86 |
Section 1 |
Blood |
87 |
Figure 6.1 |
Human Blood
Smear: Erythrocytes, Neutrophils,
Eosinophils,
Lymphocyte, and Platelets |
89 |
Figure 6.2 |
Human Blood
Smear: Rbcs,
Neutrophils,
Large Lymphocytes, and Platelets |
89 |
Figure 6.3 |
Erythrocytes
and Platelets in a Biood
Smear |
91 |
Figure 6.4 |
Neutrophils and Erythrocytes |
91 |
Figure 6.5 |
Eosinophil |
93 |
Figure 6.6 |
Lymphocytes |
93 |
Figure 6.7 |
Monocyte |
95 |
Figure 6.8 |
Basophil |
95 |
Figure 6.9 |
Human Blood
Smear: Basophil,
Neutrophil,
Erythrocytes, and Platelets |
97 |
Figure 6.10 |
Human Blood
Smear-, Monocyte,
Erythrocytes, and Platelets |
97 |
Section 2 |
Bone Marrow |
100 |
Figure 6.11 |
Development
of Different Blood Cells in the Red Bone Marrow (Decalcified) |
101 |
Figure 6.12 |
Bone Marrow
Smear: Development of Different Blood Cell Types |
103 |
Figure 6.13 |
Bone Marrow
Smear: Selected Precursors of Different Biood Cells |
105 |
Chapter 7 |
Skeletal Tissue: Cartilage and Bone |
109 |
Overview Figure 7.1 |
Endochondral Ossification
Illustrating the Progressive Stages of Bone Formation, from a Cartilage Model
to Bone, Including the Histology of a Section of Formed Compact Bone |
108 |
Section 1 |
Cartilage |
109 |
Figure 7.1 |
Developing
Fetal Hyaline Cartilage |
111 |
Figure 7.2 |
Hyaline
Cartilage and Surrounding Structures: Trachea |
113 |
Figure 7.3 |
Cells and
Matrix of Mature Hyaline Cartilage |
113 |
Figure 7.4 |
Hyaline
Cartilage: Developing Bone |
115 |
Figure 7.5 |
Elastic
Cartilage: Epiglottis |
115 |
Figure 7.6 |
Elastic
Cartilage: Epiglottis |
117 |
Figure 7.7 |
Fibrous
Cartilage: Intervertebral
Disk |
117 |
Figure 7.8 |
Fibrocartilage—Intervertebral
Disk |
119 |
Section 2 |
Bone |
122 |
Figure 7.9 |
Endochondral Ossification:
Development of a Long Bone (Panoramic View, Longitudinal Section) |
127 |
Figure 7.10 |
Endochondral Ossification: Zone of Ossification |
129 |
Figure 7.11 |
Endochondral Ossification: Zone of Ossification |
129 |
Figure 7.12 |
Endochondral Ossification;
Formation of Secondary (Epiphyseal)
Centers of Ossification and Epiphyseal
Plate in Long Bone (Decalcified Bone, Longitudinal Section) |
131 |
Figure 7.13 |
Bone
Formation: Primitive Bone Marrow and Development of Osteons (Haversian Systems; Decalcified
Bone, Transverse Section) |
133 |
Figure 7.14 |
Intramembranous Ossification:
Developing Mandible (Decalcified Bone, Transverse Section) |
133 |
Figure 7.15 |
Intramembranous Ossification:
Developing Skull Bone |
135 |
Figure 7.16 |
Cancellous Bone with Trabeculae and
Bone Marrow Cavities: Sternum (Decalcified Bone, Transverse Section) |
135 |
Figure 7.17 |
Cancellous Bone: Sternum
(Decalcified Bone, Transverse Section) |
137 |
Figure 7.18 |
Dry,
Compact Bone: Ground, Transverse Section |
137 |
Figure 7.19 |
Dry,
Compact Bone: Ground, Longitudinal Section |
139 |
Figure 7.20 |
Dry,
Compact Bone: an Osteon,
Transverse Section |
139 |
Chapter 8 |
Muscle Tissue |
145 |
Overview Figure 8.1 |
Diagrammatic
Representation of the Microscopic Appearance of Muscle Tissue |
142 |
Section 1 |
Skeletal
Muscle |
143 |
Overview Figure 8.2 |
Diagrammatic
Representation of the Microscopic Appearance of Skeletal Muscle |
144 |
Figure 8.1 |
Longitudinal
and Transverse Sections of Skeletal (Striated) Muscles of the Tongue |
145 |
Figure 8.2 |
Skeletal
(Striated) Muscles of the Tongue (Longitudinal and Transverse Section) |
147 |
Figure 8.3 |
Skeletal
Muscle Fibers (Longitudinal Section) |
149 |
Figure 8.4 |
Ultrastructure of Myofibrils in
Skeletal Muscle |
149 |
Figure 8.5 |
Ultrastructure of Sarcomeres, T
Tubules, and Triads in Skeletal Muscle |
151 |
Figure 8.6 |
Skeletal
Muscles, Nerves, Axons, and Motor Endplates |
153 |
Figure 8.7 |
Skeletal
Muscle with Muscle Spindle (Transverse Section) |
155 |
Overview Figure 8.3 |
Diagrammatic
Representation of the Microscopic Appearance of Smooth Muscle |
156 |
Section 2 |
Cardiac
Muscle |
156 |
Figure 8.8 |
Longitudinal
and Transverse Sections of Cardiac Muscle |
157 |
Figure 8.9 |
Cardiac
Muscle (Longitudinal Section) |
159 |
Figure 8.10 |
Cardiac
Muscle in Longitudinal Section |
159 |
Figure 8.11 |
Ultrastructure of Cardiac Muscle
in Longitudinal Section |
161 |
Overview Figure 8.4 |
Diagrammatic
Representation of the Microscopic Appearance of Smooth Muscle |
162 |
Section 3 |
Smooth
Muscle |
163 |
Figure 8.12 |
Longitudinal
and Transverse Sections of Smooth Muscle in the Wall of the Small Intestine |
165 |
Figure 8.13 |
Smooth
Muscle: Wall of the Small Intestine (Transverse and Longitudinal Section) |
165 |
Figure 8.14 |
Ultrastructure of Smooth Muscle
Fibers from a Section of an Intestinal Wall |
167 |
Chapter 9 |
Nervous Tissue |
171 |
Overview Figure 9.1 |
Central
Nervous System (CNS). The CNS is Composed of the Brain and Spinal Cord. a
Section of the Brain and Spinal Cord is Illustrated with their Protective
Connective Tissue Layers Called Meninges (Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, and Pia Mater) |
170 |
Section 1 |
Central
Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord |
171 |
Figure 9.1 |
Spinal
Cord: Midthoracic
Region (Transverse Section) |
175 |
Figure 9.2 |
Spinal
Cord: Anterior Gray Horn, Motor Neuron, and Adjacent White Matter |
175 |
Figure 9.3 |
Spinal
Cord: Midcervical
Region (Transverse Section) |
177 |
Figure 9.4 |
Spinal
Cord: Anterior Gray Horn, Motor Neurons, and Adjacent Anterior White Matter |
177 |
Figure 9.5 |
Infrastructure
of Typical Axodendritic
Synapses in the Cns.
Transmission Electron Micrograph |
179 |
Figure 9.6 |
Motor
Neurons: Anterior Horn of the Spinal Cord |
181 |
Figure 9.7 |
Neurofibrils and Motor Neurons
in the Gray Matter of the Anterior Horn of the Spinal Cord |
183 |
Figure 9.8 |
Anterior
Gray Horn of the Spinal Cord: Multipolar Neurons, Axons, and Neu-Roglial Cells |
183 |
Figure 9.9 |
Cerebral
Cortex: Gray Matter |
185 |
Figure 9.10 |
Layer V of
the Cerebral Cortex |
187 |
Figure 9.11 |
Cerebellum
(Transverse Section) |
187 |
Figure 9.12 |
Cerebellar Cortex:
Molecular, Purkinje Cell, and Granular Cell Layers |
189 |
Figure 9.13 |
Fibrous Astrocytes and
Capillary in the Brain |
191 |
Figure 9.14 |
Ultrastructure of a Capillary in
the Cns
and the Perivascuiar
Endfeet of
Astrocytes.
Transmission Electron Micrograph |
191 |
Figure 9.15 |
Oligodendrocytes of the Brain |
193 |
Figure 9.16 |
Ultrastructure of an Oligodendrocyte
in the Cns
with Myelinated
Axons. Transmission Electron Micrograph |
193 |
Figure 9.17 |
Ultrastructure of Myelinated Axons
in the CNS with a Node of Ranvier.
Transmission Electron Micrograph |
195 |
Figure 9.18 |
Microglia of the Brain |
197 |
Overview Figure 9.2 |
Peripheral
Nervous System (PNS). the
PNS is Composed of the Cranial and Spinal Nerves. a Cross Section of the Spinal Cord
is Illustrated with the Characteristic Features of the Motor Neuron and a
Cross Section of a Peripheral Nerve. Also Illustrated are Types of Neurons
Located in Different Ganglia and Organs Outside the CNS |
201 |
Section 2 |
Peripheral
Nervous System |
202 |
Figure 9.19 |
Peripheral
Nerves and Blood Vessels (Transverse Section) |
203 |
Figure 9.20 |
Myelinated Nerve Fibers
(Longitudinal and Transverse Sections) |
205 |
Figure 9.21 |
Sciatic
Nerve (Longitudinal Section) |
207 |
Figure 9.22 |
Sciatic
Nerve (Longitudinal Section) |
207 |
Figure 9.23 |
Sciatic
Nerve (Transverse Section) |
207 |
Figure 9.24 |
Peripheral
Nerve: Nodes of Ranvier
and Axons |
209 |
Figure 9.25 |
Ultrastructure of Peripheral
Nerve Fascicle in the PNS Cut in Transverse Plane |
209 |
Figure 9.26 |
Dorsal Root
Ganglion, with Dorsal and Ventral Roots, Spinal Nerve (Longitudinal Section) |
211 |
Figure 9.27 |
Cells and Unipolar Neurons
of a Dorsal Root Ganglion |
211 |
Figure 9.28 |
Multipolar Neurons,
Surrounding Cells, and Nerve Fibers of the Sympathetic Ganglion |
213 |
Figure 9.29 |
Dorsal Root
Ganglion: Unipolar
Neurons and Surrounding Cells |
213 |
PART IV |
SYSTEMS |
|
Chapter 10 |
Circulatory System |
217 |
Overview Figure 10.1 |
Comparison
of a Muscular Artery, a Large Vein, and the Three Types of Capillaries
(Transverse Sections) |
216 |
Figure 10.1 |
Blood and
Lymphatic Vessels in the Connective Tissue |
221 |
Figure 10.2 |
Capillaries
Sectioned in Transverse and Longitudinal Planes in a Mesentery of the Small
Intestine |
221 |
Figure 10.3 |
Infrastructure
of a Continuous Capillary Sectioned in a Transverse Plane in the CNS |
223 |
Figure 10.4 |
Ultrastructure of a Fenestrated
Capillary Sectioned in a Transverse Plane in the Choroid Plexus of a Cns Ventricle |
225 |
Figure 10.5 |
Muscular
Artery and Vein {Transverse Section) |
225 |
Figure 10.6 |
Artery and
Vein in the Dense Irregular Connective Tissue of the Vas Deferens |
227 |
Figure 10.7 |
Wall of a
Large Elastic Artery: Aorta (Transverse Section) |
227 |
Figure 10.8 |
Wall of a
Large Vein: Portal Vein (Transverse Section) |
229 |
Figure 10.9 |
Heart: a
Section of the Left Atrium, Atrioventricular
Valve, and Left Ventricle (Longitudinal Section) |
229 |
Figure 10.10 |
Heart: a
Section of Right Ventricle, Pulmonary Trunk, and Pulmonary Valve
(Longitudinal Section) |
231 |
Figure 10.11 |
Heart:
Contracting Cardiac Muscle Fibers and Impulse-Conducting Purkinje Fibers |
231 |
Figure 10.12 |
A Section of Heart Wall: Purkinje Fibers |
233 |
Chapter 11 |
Immune System |
239 |
Overview Figure 11.1 |
Location
and Distribution of the Lymphoid Organs and Lymphatic Channels in the Body.
Internal Contents of the Lymph Node and the Spleen are Illustrated in Greater
Detail |
238 |
Figure 11.1 |
Lymph Node
(Panoramic View) |
243 |
Figure 11.2 |
Lymph Node:
Capsule, Cortex, and Medulla (Sectional View) |
245 |
Figure 11.3 |
Cortex and
Medulla of a Lymph Node |
247 |
Figure 11.4 |
Lymph Node:
Subcortical
Sinus, Trabecular
Sinus, Reticular Cells, and Lymphatic Nodule |
247 |
Figure 11.5 |
Lymph Node:
High Endothelial Venule
in the Paracortex
(Deep Cortex) of a Lymph Node |
249 |
Figure 11.6 |
Lymph Node:
Subcapsular
Sinus, Trabecular
Sinus, and Supporting Reticular Fibers |
249 |
Figure 11.7 |
Thymus
Gland (Panoramic View) |
251 |
Figure 11.8 |
Thymus
Gland (Sectional View) |
251 |
Figure 11.9 |
Cortex and
Medulla of a Thymus Gland |
253 |
Figure 11.10 |
Spleen
(Panoramic View) |
255 |
Figure 11.11 |
Spleen: Red
and White Pulp |
255 |
Figure 11.12 |
Red and
White Pulp of the Spleen |
257 |
Figure 11.13 |
Palatine
Tonsil |
257 |
Chapter 12 |
Integumentary System |
261 |
Overview Figure 12.1 |
Comparison
Between Thin Skin in the Arm and Thick Skin in the Palm, Including the
Contents of the Connective Tissue Dermis |
260 |
Section 1 |
Thin Skin |
264 |
Figure 12.1 |
Thin Skin:
Epidermis and the Contents of the Dermis |
265 |
Figure 12.2 |
Skin:
Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis in the Scalp |
267 |
Figure 12.3 |
Hairy Thin
Skin of the Scalp: Hair Follicles and Surrounding Structures |
269 |
Figure 12.4 |
Hair
Follicle: Bulb of the Hair Follicle, Sweat Gland, Sebaceous Gland, and Arrector Pili Muscle |
271 |
Section 2 |
Thick Skin |
272 |
Figure 12.5 |
Thick Skin:
Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis of the Palm |
273 |
Figure 12.6 |
Thick Skin
of the Palm, Superficial Cell Layers, and Melanin Pigment |
273 |
Figure 12.7 |
Thick Skin:
Epidermis and Superficial Cell Layers |
275 |
Figure 12.8 |
Apocrine Sweat Gland: Secretory and Excretory Potions of
the Sweat Gland |
275 |
Figure 12.9 |
Cross
Section and Three-Dimensional Appearance of an Eccrine Sweat Gland |
277 |
Figure 12.10 |
Glomus in the Dermis of Thick Skin |
279 |
Figure 12.11 |
Pacinian Corpuscles in the Dermis of Thick
Skin (Transverse and Longitudinal Sections) |
281 |
Chapter 13 |
Digestive System Part I: Oral Cavity and Major Salivary Glands |
285 |
Overview Figure 13.1 |
Oral
Cavity. the Salivary Glands and their Connections to the Oral Cavity,
Morphology of the Tongue in Cross Section, Tooth, and Detail of a Taste Bud
are Illustrated |
284 |
Section 1 |
Oral Cavity |
285 |
Figure 13.1 |
Lip
(Longitudinal Section) |
287 |
Figure 13.2 |
Anterior
Region of the Tongue: Apex (Longitudinal Section) |
289 |
Figure 13.3 |
Tongue: Circumvallate Papilla (Cross Section) |
289 |
Figure 13.4 |
Tongue: Filiform and Fungiform
Papillae |
291 |
Figure 13.5 |
Tongue:
Taste Buds |
291 |
Figure 13.6 |
Posterior
Tongue: Behind Circumvallate
Papillae and Near Lingual Tonsil (Longitudinal Section) |
293 |
Figure 13.7 |
Lingual Tonsils (Transverse Section) |
293 |
Figure 13.8 |
Dried Tooth
(Longitudinal Section) |
295 |
Figure 13.9 |
Dried
Tooth: Dentinoenamei
Junction |
297 |
Figure 13.10 |
Dried
Tooth: Cementum
and Dentin Junction |
297 |
Figure 13.11 |
Developing
Tooth (Longitudinal Section) |
299 |
Figure 13.12 |
Developing
Tooth: Dentinoenamei
Junction in Detail |
299 |
Overview Figure 13.2 |
Salivary
Glands. the Different Types of Acini (Serous, Mucous, and Mixed, with Serous Demilunes),
Different Duct Types (Intercalated, Striated, and Interlobular), and Myoepithelial
Cells of a Salivary Gland are Illustrated |
300 |
Section 2 |
Major Salivary Glands |
301 |
Figure 13.13 |
Parotid
Salivary Gland |
303 |
Figure 13.14 |
Submandibular Salivary Gland |
305 |
Figure 13.15 |
Sublingual
Salivary Gland |
307 |
Figure 13.16 |
Serous
Salivary Gland: Parotid Gland |
309 |
Figure 13.17 |
Mixed
Salivary Gland: Sublingual Gland |
309 |
Chapter 14 |
Digestive System Part Ii: Esophagus and Stomach |
313 |
Overview Figure 14.1 |
Detailed
Illustration Comparing the Structural Differences of the Four Layers (Mucosa,
Submucosa,
Muscularis
Externa,
and Adventitia or Serosa)
in the Wall of the Esophagus and Stomach |
312 |
Section 1 |
Esophagus |
314 |
Figure 14.1 |
Wall of the
Upper Esophagus (Transverse Section) |
315 |
Figure 14.2 |
Upper
Esophagus (Transverse Section) |
317 |
Figure 14.3 |
Lower
Esophagus (Transverse Section) |
317 |
Figure 14.4 |
Upper
Esophagus: Mucosa and Submucosa
(Longitudinal View) |
319 |
Figure 14.5 |
Lower
Esophageal Wall (Transverse Section) |
321 |
Figure 14.6 |
Esophageal-Stomach
Junction |
323 |
Figure 14.7 |
Esophageal-Stomach
Junction (Transverse Section) |
323 |
Section 2 |
Stomach |
324 |
Figure 14.8 |
Stomach: Fundus and Body
Regions (Transverse Section) |
325 |
Figure 14.9 |
Stomach:
Mucosa of the Fundus
and Body (Transverse Section) |
327 |
Figure 14.10 |
Stomach: Fundus and Body
Regions (Plastic Section) |
329 |
Figure 14.11 |
Stomach:
Superficial Region of Gastric {Fundic) Mucosa |
331 |
Figure 14.12 |
Stomach:
Basal Region of Gastric (Fundic)
Mucosa |
333 |
Figure 14.13 |
Pyloric
Region of the Stomach |
335 |
Figure 14.14 |
Pyloric-Duodenal
Junction (Longitudinal Section) |
337 |
Chapter 15 |
Digestive System Part Hi: Small Intestine and Large Intestine |
341 |
Overview Figure 15.1 |
Structural
Differences Between the Wall of the Small Intestine and the Large Intestine,
with Emphasis on Different Layers of the Wall |
340 |
Section 1 |
Small Intestine |
341 |
Figure 15.1 |
Small
Intestine: Duodenum (Longitudinal Section) |
345 |
Figure 15.2 |
Small
Intestine: Duodenum (Transverse Section) |
347 |
Figure 15.3 |
Small
Intestine: Jejunum (Transverse Section) |
349 |
Figure 15.4 |
Intestinal
Glands with Paneth
Ceils and Enteroendocrine
Cells |
349 |
Figure 15.5 |
Small
Intestine: Jejunum with Paneth
Cells |
351 |
Figure 15.6 |
Small
Intestine: Ileum with Lymphatic Nodules (Peyer Patches) (Transverse Section) |
351 |
Figure 15.7 |
Small
Intestine: Villi
(Longitudinal and Transverse Sections) |
353 |
Figure 15.8 |
Ultrastructure of the Microvilli in an
Absorptive Cell in the Small Intestine |
353 |
Section 2 |
Large Intestine (Colon) |
354 |
Figure 15.9 |
Large
Intestine: Colon and Mesentery (Panoramic View, Transverse Section) |
355 |
Figure 15.10 |
Large
Intestine: Colon Wall (Transverse Section) |
357 |
Figure 15.11 |
Large
Intestine: Colon Wall (Transverse Section) |
359 |
Figure 15.12 |
Appendix
(Panoramic View, Transverse Section) |
361 |
Figure 15.13 |
Rectum
(Panoramic View, Transverse Section) |
363 |
Figure 15.14 |
Anorectal Junction (Longitudinal Section) |
363 |
Chapter 16 |
Digestive System Part Iv: Accessory Digestive Organs (Liver, Pancreas,
and Gallbladder) |
367 |
Overview Figure 16.1 |
A Section from the Liver and the Pancreas is
Illustrated, with Emphasis on the Details of the Liver Lobule and the Duct
System of the Exocrine Pancreas |
366 |
Section 1 |
Liver |
367 |
Figure 16.1 |
Pig Liver
(Panoramic View, Transverse Section) |
369 |
Figure 16.2 |
Primate
Liver (Panoramic View, Transverse Section) |
371 |
Figure 16.3 |
Bovine
Liver: Liver Lobule (Transverse Section) |
373 |
Figure 16.4 |
Hepatic
(Liver) Lobule (Sectional View, Transverse Section) |
373 |
Figure 16.5 |
Bile Canaliculi in
Liver Lobule (Osmic
Acid Preparation) |
375 |
Figure 16.6 |
Kupffer Cells in Liver Lobule (India Ink
Preparation) |
375 |
Figure 16.7 |
Glycogen
Granules in Liver Cells (Hepatocytes) |
375 |
Section 2 |
Pancreas |
376 |
Figure 16.8 |
Reticular
Fibers in Liver Lobule |
377 |
Figure 16.9 |
Liver
Sinusoids, Space of Dtsse,
Hepatocytes,
and Endothelial Cells in a Liver Lobule |
377 |
Figure 16.10 |
Exocrine
and Endocrine Pancreas (Sectional View) |
379 |
Figure 16.11 |
Pancreatic
Islet |
381 |
Figure 16.12 |
Pancreatic
Islet (Special Preparation) |
381 |
Figure 16.13 |
Pancreas:
Endocrine (Pancreatic Islet) and Exocrine Regions |
383 |
Figure 16.14 |
Immunohistochemical Preparation of
Mammalian Pancreatic Islet |
383 |
Section 3 |
Gallbladder |
384 |
Figure 16.15 |
Wall of the
Gallbladder |
385 |
Chapter 17 |
Respiratory System |
389 |
Overview Figure 17.1 |
A Section of the Lung is Illustrated in Three
Dimensions and in Transverse Section, with Emphasis on the Internal Structure
of the Respiratory Bronchiole and Alveolar Cells |
388 |
Figure 17.1 |
Olfactory
Mucosa and Superior Concha
(Panoramic View) |
391 |
Figure 17.2 |
Olfactory
Mucosa: Details of a Transitional Area |
393 |
Figure 17.3 |
Olfactory
Mucosa in the Nose: Transition Area |
395 |
Figure 17.4 |
Epiglottis
(Longitudinal Section) |
397 |
Figure 17.5 |
Larynx
(Frontal Section) |
399 |
Figure 17.6 |
Trachea
(Panoramic View, Transverse Section) |
401 |
Figure 17.7 |
Tracheal
Wall (Sectional View) |
401 |
Figure 17.8 |
Lung
(Panoramic View) |
403 |
Figure 17.9 |
Intrapulmonary
Bronchus (Transverse Section) |
405 |
Figure 17.10 |
Intrapulmonary
Bronchus, Cartilage Plates, and Surrounding Alveoli of the Lung |
405 |
Figure 17.11 |
Terminal
Bronchiole (Transverse Section) |
407 |
Figure 17.12 |
Respiratory
Bronchiole, Alveolar Duct, and Lung Alveoli |
407 |
Figure 17.13 |
Lung:
Terminal Bronchiole, Respiratory Bronchiole, Alveolar Ducts, Alveoli, and
Blood Vessel |
409 |
Figure 17.14 |
Alveolar
Walls and Alveolar Cells |
409 |
Figure 17.15 |
A Section of Lung Alveoli Adjacent to
Bronchiole Wall |
411 |
Figure 17.16 |
A Low-Power Ultrastructure of the Lung, Showing
a Portion of a Bronchiole Wall and Adjacent Alveoli |
413 |
Chapter 18 |
Urinary System |
417 |
Overview Figure 18.1 |
A Sagittal Section of the Kidney Shows the Cortex and Medulla, with Blood
Vessels and the Excretory Ducts, Including the Pelvis and the Ureter and a Histologic
Comparison of Blood Vessels, the Different Tubules of the Nephron, and the Collecting Ducts |
416 |
Figure 18.1 |
Kidney:
Cortex, Medulla, Pyramid, Renal Papilla and Calyx (Panoramic View) |
421 |
Figure 18.2 |
Kidney
Cortex and Upper Medulla |
423 |
Figure 18.3 |
Kidney
Cortex: Juxtaglomerular
Apparatus |
427 |
Figure 18.4 |
Kidney
Cortex: Renal Corpuscle, Juxtaglomerular
Apparatus, and Convoluted Tubules |
429 |
Figure 18.5 |
Ultrastructure of Cells in the
Proximal Convoluted Tubule of the Kidney |
431 |
Figure 18.6 |
Ultrastructure of Apical Cell
Surface in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule of the Kidney |
433 |
Figure 18.7 |
Kidney:
Scanning Electron Micrograph of Podocytes (Visceral Epithelium of Glomerular [Bowman] Capsule)
Surrounding the Glomerular
Capillaries |
435 |
Figure 18.8 |
Kidney:
Transmission Electron Micrograph of Podocyte and Adjacent Capillaries
in the Renal Corpuscle |
435 |
Figure 18.9 |
Kidney
Medulla: Papillary Region (Transverse Section) |
437 |
Figure 18.10 |
Kidney
Medulla: Terminal End of Papilla (Longitudinal Section) |
437 |
Figure 18.11 |
Kidney:
Ducts of Medullary
Region (Longitudinal Section) |
439 |
Figure 18.12 |
Urinary
System: Ureter
(Transverse Section) |
439 |
Figure 18.13 |
Section of
a Ureter
Wall (Transverse Section) |
441 |
Figure 18.14 |
Ureter (Transverse Section) |
441 |
Figure 18.15 |
Urinary
Bladder: Wall (Transverse Section) |
443 |
Figure 18.16 |
Urinary
Bladder: Contracted Mucosa (Transverse Section) |
443 |
Figure 18.17 |
Urinary
Bladder: Stretched Mucosa (Transverse Section) |
445 |
Chapter 19 |
Endocrine System |
451 |
Overview Figure 19.1 |
Hypothalamus
and Hypophysis
(Pituitary Gland). a
Section of Hypothalamus and Hypophysis
Illustrates the Neuronal, Axonal, and Vascular Connections Between the
Hypothalamus and the Hypophysis.
Also Illustrated are the Major Target Cells, Tissues, and Organs of the
Hormones that are Produced by Both the Anterior (Adenohypophysis) and Posterior (Neurohypophysis)
Pituitary Gland |
450 |
Section 1 |
Hormones and Pituitary Gland |
451 |
Figure 19.1 |
Hypophysis (Panoramic View, Sagittal Section) |
455 |
Figure 19.2 |
Hypophysis: Sections of Pars
Distalis,
Pars Intermedia,
and Pars Nervosa |
455 |
Figure 19.3 |
Hypophysis: Pars Distalis
(Sectional View) |
457 |
Figure 19.4 |
Cell Types
in the Hypophysis |
457 |
Figure 19.5 |
Hypophysis: Pars Distalis, Pars Intermedia, and
Pars Nervosa |
459 |
Overview Figure 19.2 |
Thyroid
Gland, Parathyroid Gland, and Adrenal Gland. the Microscopic Organization and
General Location in the Body of the Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal Glands
are Illustrated |
462 |
Section 2 |
Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid Glands, and Adrenal Gland |
463 |
Figure 19.6 |
Thyroid
Gland: Canine (General View) |
465 |
Figure 19.7 |
Thyroid
Gland Follicles: Canine (Sectional View) |
465 |
Figure 19.8 |
Thyroid and
Parathyroid Glands: Canine (Sectional View) |
467 |
Figure 19.9 |
Thyroid
Gland and Parathyroid Gland |
469 |
Figure 19.10 |
Adrenal
(Suprarenal) Gland |
471 |
Figure 19-11 |
Adrenal
(Suprarenal) Gland: Cortex and Medulla |
473 |
Chapter 20 |
Male Reproductive System |
477 |
Overview Figure 20.1 |
Location of
the Testes and the Accessory Male Reproductive % Organs, with Emphasis on the Internal Organization of the
Testis, the Different Phases of - Q Spermiogenesis, and the Structure
of a Mature Sperm |
476 |
Section 1 |
Testis |
477 |
Figure 20.1 |
Peripheral
Section of Testis (Sectional View) |
481 |
Figure 20.2 |
Testis: Seminiferous Tubules (Transverse
Section) |
481 |
Figure 20.3 |
Testis:
Spermatogenesis in Seminiferous
Tubules (Transverse Section) |
483 |
Figure 20.4 |
Cross
Section of Seminiferous
Tubules Showing Supportive Sertoli
Cells, Spermatogonia,
and Spermatids
in Different Stages of Development |
483 |
Figure 20.5 |
Primate
Testis: Different Stages of Spermatogenesis |
485 |
Figure 20.6 |
Ultrastructure of a Sertoli Cell and
Surrounding Cells |
485 |
Figure 20.7 |
Seminiferous Tubules, Straight
Tubules, Rete
Testis, and Efferent Ductules (Ductuli Efferentes) |
487 |
Figure 20.8 |
Ductuli Efferentes and Tubules of Ductus Epididymis |
487 |
Figure 20.9 |
Tubules of Ductus Epididymis
(Transverse Section) |
489 |
Figure 20.10 |
Ductus (Vas) Deferens {Transverse Section) |
489 |
Figure 20.11 |
Ampulla of the Ductus (Vas) Deferens (Transverse
Section) |
491 |
Section 2 |
Accessory Reproductive Sex Glands |
494 |
Figure 20.12 |
Prostate
Gland and Prostatic
Urethra |
495 |
Figure 20.13 |
Prostate
Gland: Glandular Acini
and Prostatic
Concretions |
497 |
Figure 20.14 |
Prostate
Gland: Prostatic
Glands with Prostatic
Concretions |
497 |
Figure 20.15 |
Seminal
Vesicle |
499 |
Figure 20.16 |
Bulbourethral Gland |
499 |
Figure 20.17 |
Human Penis
(Transverse Section) |
501 |
Figure 20.18 |
Penile
Urethra (Transverse Section) |
501 |
Chapter 21 |
Female Reproductive System |
505 |
Overview Figure 21.1 |
The Anatomy of the Female Reproductive Organs is
Presented in Detail, with Emphasis on the Ovary and the Sequence of Changes
during Follicular Development, Culminating in Ovulation and Corpus Luteum
Formation. in Addition, the Changes in the Uterine Wall during the Menstrual
Cycle are Correlated with Pituitary Hormones and Ovarian Functions |
504 |
Section 1 |
Ovary and Uterus-An Overview |
505 |
Figure 21.1 |
Ovary:
Different Stages of Follicular Development (Panoramic View) |
509 |
Figure 21.2 |
Ovary:
Longitudinal Section of a Feline (Cat) Ovary Showing Numerous Follicles and
Corpora Lutea |
511 |
Figure 21.3 |
Ovary: a
Section of Ovarian Cortex and Developing Follicles |
511 |
Figure 21.4 |
Ovary:
Ovarian Cortex and Primordial and Primary Follicles |
513 |
Figure 21.5 |
Ovary:
Primordial and Primary Follicles |
513 |
Figure 21.6 |
Ovary:
Maturing Ovarian Follicle in Feline (Cat) Ovary |
515 |
Figure 21.7 |
Ovary:
Primary Oocyte
and Wall of a Mature Follicle |
515 |
Figure 21.8 |
Corpus Luteum
(Panoramic View) |
517 |
Figure 21.9 |
Corpus Luteum: Theca Lutein Cells and
Granulosa Lutein Cells |
517 |
Figure 21.10 |
Human
Ovary: a Section of Corpus Luteum
and Corpus Albicans |
519 |
Figure 21.11 |
Uterine
Tube: Ampulla
with Mesosalpinx
Ligament (Panoramic View, Transverse Section) |
521 |
Figure 21.12 |
Uterine
Tube: Mucosal Folds |
521 |
Figure 21.13 |
Uterine
Tube: Lining Epithelium |
523 |
Figure 21.14 |
Uterus: Proliferative
(Follicular) Phase |
525 |
Figure 21.15 |
Uterus: Secretory {Luteai) Phase |
527 |
Figure 21.16 |
Uterine
Wall (Endometrium):
Secretory
(Luteai)
Phase |
529 |
Figure 21.17 |
Uterine
Wall: Menstrual Phase |
531 |
Section 2 |
Cervix, Vagina, Placenta, and Mammary Glands |
535 |
Figure 21.18 |
Cervix,
Cervical Canal, and Vaginal Fornix
(Longitudinal Section) |
537 |
Figure 21.19 |
Vagina
(Longitudinal Section) |
539 |
Figure 21.20 |
Glycogen in
Human Vaginal Epithelium |
539 |
Figure 21.21 |
Vaginal
Exfoliate Cytology (Vaginal Smear) during Different Reproductive Phases |
541 |
Figure 21.22 |
Vagina:
Surface Epithelium |
543 |
Figure 21.23 |
Human
Placenta (Panoramic View) |
545 |
Figure 21.24 |
Chorionic Villi: Placenta during Early
Pregnancy |
547 |
Figure 2.1.25 |
Chorionic Villi: Placenta at Term |
547 |
Figure 21.26 |
Inactive
Mammary Gland |
549 |
Figure 21.27 |
Mammary
Gland: Micrograph of Inactive Mammary Gland |
549 |
Figure 21.28 |
Mammary
Gland during Proliferation and Early Pregnancy |
551 |
Figure 21.29 |
Mammary
Gland during Activation and Early Development |
551 |
Figure 21.30 |
Mammary
Gland during Late Pregnancy |
553 |
Figure 21.31 |
Mammary
Gland during Lactation |
553 |
Figure 21.32 |
Lactating
Mammary Gland |
555 |
Chapter 22 |
Organs of Special Senses: Visual and Auditory Systems |
559 |
Overview Figure 22.1 |
The Internal Structures of the Eye and the Ear
are Illustrated, with Emphasis on the Cells that Constitute the
Photosensitive Retina and the Hearing Organ of Corti |
558 |
Section 1 |
Visual
System |
559 |
Figure 22.1 |
Eyelid (Sagittal Section) |
561 |
Figure 22.2 |
Lacrimal Gland |
563 |
Figure 22.3 |
Cornea
(Transverse Section) |
563 |
Figure 22.4 |
Whole Eye (Sagittal Section) |
565 |
Figure 22.5 |
Posterior
Eyeball: Sclera, Choroid,
Optic Papilla, Optic Nerve, Retina, and Fovea (Panoramic View) |
565 |
Figure 22.6 |
Layers of Choroid and
Retina (Detail) |
567 |
Figure 22.7 |
Eye: Layers
of Retina and Choroid |
567 |
Figure 22.8 |
Section of
Posterior Eyeball Showing Retina with Depression Fovea |
569 |
Figure 22.9 |
Optic
Papilla (Optic Disk), Optic Nerve, and the Section of Retina in the :
Posterior Region of the Eyeball |
569 |
Figure 22.10 |
Section of
Posterior Retina with the Yellow Pigment of Macula Lutea |
571 |
Section 2 |
Auditory
System |
574 |
Flgure22.11 |
Inner Ear:
Cochlea (Vertical Section) |
575 |
Figure 22.12 |
Inner Ear:
Cochlear Duct (Scala
Media) and the Hearing Organ of Corti |
577 |
Figure 22.13 |
Inner Ear:
Cochlear Duct and the Organ of Corti |
577 |
Figure 22.14 |
Inner Ear:
Organ of Corti
in the Cochlear Duct |
579 |
|
Index |
581 |
|
|
|