Dedication

v

Acknowledgments

xi

About the Editor and Associate Editor

xiii

Contributing Authors

xv

Introduction

xxi

Prologue

Historical Perspective of Ulcerative Colitis   Ming V. Lin, MD; Wojciech Blonski, MD, PhD; David Kotlyar, MD; and Gary R. Lichtenstein, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF

1

SECTION I

GENERAL

11

Chapter 1

The Natural History of Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Pietro G. Andres, MD and Lawrence S. Friedman, MD

13

Chapter 2

Clinical Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Placebo Response in Clinical Trials   Chinyu Su, MD and James D. Lewis, MD, MSCE

27

Chapter 3

The Role of the FDA in Drug Development in Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Alan C. Moss, MD, FACG and Adam S, Cheifetz, MD

33

Chapter 4

Utility of Animal Models for the Study and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Ashish Chawla, MD and Kenneth Simpson, BVM&S, PhD

41

Chapter 5

Pediatric Considerations in Medical Therapy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Louis R. Ghanem, MD, PhD and Robert N. Baldassano, MD

53

Chapter 6

The Limitations of Applying Evidence-Based Medicine to Inflammatory Bowel Disease:   What We do Not Learn from Clinical Trials Joshua R. Korzenik, MD and Corey A. Siegel, MD

71

Chapter 7

Disease Modifiers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Jaime A. Oviedo, MD and Francis A. Farraye, MD, Msc, FACP, FACG

79

Chapter 8

Fertility and Pregnancy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Jeffrya, Katz, MD and Vinita Elizabeth Jacob, MD

93

Chapter 9

Diversion Colitis   Eugeni Domenech, MD, PhD and Miguel A, Gassull, MD, PhD

109

Chapter 10

Medication Adherence in Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Sunanda V. Kane, MD, MSPH, FACG, FACP, AGAF

113

SECTION II

MEDICATIONS

119

Chapter 11

General Principles of Medical Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis   Sonia Friedman, MD, FACP

121

Chapter 12

Assessment of Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis   Anthony I. Rosa, MD and Thomas A. Judge, MD

135

Chapter 13

Current and Future Oral Mesalamine Derivative Use in Ulcerative Colitis   Lloyd Sutherland, MDCM, Msc, FRCP(C), FACP

145

Chapter 14

Current and Future Topical Mesalamine Derivatives in Ukerative Colitis   Jeffrey W. Nathanson, MD and Russell D. Cohen, MD

157

Chapter 15

Antibiotics in Ulcerative Colitis   Kim L. Isaacs, MD, PhD

173

Chapter 16

Oral and Parenteral Corticosteroids in Ulcerative Colitis   Leonard Baidoo, MD and Gary R. Lichtenstein, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF

179

Chapter 17

Topical Corticosteroid Use in Ulcerative Colitis   Seymour Katz, MD, FACP, MACG

191

Chapter 18

6-Mercaptopurine and Azathioprine Use in Ulcerative Colitis   Maria C. Dubinsky, MD

203

Chapter 19

Azathioprine Metabolism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Physician's Guide to Metabolite Testing   Carmen Cuffari, MD

215

Chapter 20

Methotrexate in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis   Ellen J. Scherl, MD, FACP, AGAF; Vinita Elizabeth Jacob, MD; Brian P. Bosworth, MD; Ryan Urquhart Warren, MD; and Harrison Lakehomer, BA

221

Chapter 21

Calcineurin Inhibitors (Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus) and Mycophenolate Motefil Use in Ulcerative Colitis   Hans Herfarth, MD, PhD Andjiirgen Scholmerich, MD, PhD

227

Chapter 22

Infliximab Use in Ulcerative Colitis   Wojciech Blonski, MD, PhD; Antoni Stadnicki, MD, PhD; Gary R. Lichtenstein, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF; and Anne Burke, MD

237

Chapter 23

Other Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Antagonists in Ulcerative Colitis   Joshua R. Korzenik, MD

255

Chapter 24

Novel Biological Agents for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis   Gert Van Assche, MD, PhD, FRCP and Paul Rutgeerts, MD, PhD, FRCP

259

Chapter 25

Novel Nonbiologic Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis   William J. Sandborn, MD

273

SECTION III

SPECIFIC CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS

283

Chapter 26

Medical Management of Severe Ulcerative Colitis   Niraj Jani, MD and Miguel Regueiro, MD

285

Chapter 27

Medical Management of Toxic Megacolon in the Patient with Ulcerative Colitis   Robynne Chutkan, MD and Nabil Toubia, MD

293

Chapter 28

Medical Management of Ulcerative Proctitis   Philip B. Miner Jr, MD

299

Chapter 29

Medical Therapy of Left-Sided Ulcerative Colitis   Douglas B. Haghighi, DMD, MD and Bret A. Lashner, MD, MPH

307

Chapter 30

Management of Refractory Ulcerative Colitis   Edward V. Loftus Jr, MD; Ellen J. Scherl, MD, FACP, AGAF; and Melissa H. Rosen, MD

319

Chapter 31

Pseudointractability of Inflammatory Bowel Disease   Mansour A. Parsi, MD and Jean-Paul Achkar, MD

331

Chapter 32

Medical Management of Extraintestinal Manifestations of Ulcerative Colitis   Lloyd Mayer, MD and Robert Pittman, MD

341

Chapter 33

Nicotine and Inflammatory Bowel Disease   True T. Trinh, MD; Richard S. Bloomfeld, MD, MS; and Stephen J. Bickston, MD, AGAF

365

Chapter 34

Management of Steroid-Refractory and Steroid-Dependent Severe Ulcerative Colitis   Jesse A. Green, MD, FACG and Richard P. Macdermott, MD, FACG

381

Chapter 35

Prebiotics and Probiotics in Ulcerative Colitis   Robert M. Penner, Bsc, MD, FRCP(C), Msc; Karen L. Madsen, PhD; Massimo Campieri, MD; and Richard N. Fedorak, MD, FRCP(C)

393

Chapter 36

Management of Acute and Chronic Pouchitis   James M. Becker, MD, FACS and Arthur F. Stucchi, PhD

405

Chapter 37

Dietary Manipulations: Oral and Enteral Nutritional Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis   Tract M. Temmen, MD and John L. Rombeau, MD

433

Chapter 38

Parenteral Nutrition Use in Ulcerative Colitis   Alan L. Buchman, MD, MSPH

445

Chapter 39

Maintenance of Remission in Ulcerative Colitis   Kenneth W, Schroeder, MD, PhD and William J. Tremaine, MD

447

Financial Disclosures

465

Index

469