Preface

iv

Contributors

v

Reviewers

vii

Acknowledgments

ix

Pretest

P-1

Pretest Explanations

PE-1

1

Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology

1

I

Disorders of the Eyes

1

II

Disorders of the Ears

8

III

Disorders of the Nose, Sinus, and Throat

11

2

Pulmonology

15

I

Infectious Disorders

15

II

Neoplastic Disease

21

III

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

23

IV

Pleural Diseases

27

V

Pulmonary Circulation

29

VI

Restrictive Pulmonary Disease

30

VII

Other Pulmonary Diseases

31

3

Cardiology

33

I

Major Principles of Cardiac Care

33

II

Shock

33

III

Orthostasis/Postural Hypotension

34

IV

Hypertension

34

V

Congestive Heart Failure

37

VI

Atherosclerotic Occlusive Disease

38

VII

Ischemic Heart Disease

38

VIII

Acute Coronary Syndromes

39

IX

Congenital Heart Anomalies

42

X

Valvular Disorders

44

XI

Rate and Rhythm Disorders

46

XII

Conduction Disturbances

49

XIII

Cardiomyopathies

53

XIV

Pericardial Disorders

54

XV

Infective Endocarditis

55

XVI

Rheumatic Heart Disease

56

XVII

Peripheral Vascular Disorders

57

XVIII

Giant Cell Arteritis

59

XIX

Aortic Aneurysms

60

4

Hematology

61

I

Anemias

61

II

Polycythemia Vera

68

III

Malignancies

69

IV

Bleeding Disorders

73

V

Thrombotic Disorders and Hypercoagulable Conditions

77

5

Gastroenterology

79

I

Diseases of the Esophagus

79

II

Diseases of the Stomach

81

III

Diseases of the Small Intestine and Colon

84

IV

Diseases of the Rectum and Anus

92

V

Appendicitis

93

VI

Diseases of the Pancreas

94

VII

Diseases of the Biliary Tract

95

VIII

Diseases of the Liver

97

IX

Hernias

100

X

Congenital Abnormalities

100

XI

Nutritional Deficiencies

101

XII

Metabolic Disorders

101

6

Nephrology and Urology

103

I

Renal Failure

103

II

Glomerular Disorders

106

III

Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)

108

IV

Nephrolithiasis

108

V

Disorders of Salt and Water

110

VI

Electrolyte Disorders

113

VII

Acid-Base Disorders

116

VIII

Urinary Tract Infection

119

IX

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

121

X

Incontinence

122

XI

Neoplasms of the Urinary Tract

123

XII

Male Reproductive Disorders

126

7

Gynecology

130

I

Menstrual Disorders

130

II

Uterine Disorders

133

III

Ovarian Disorders

136

IV

Cervical Dysplasia and Neoplasia

137

V

Vaginal and Vulvar Disorders

138

VI

Breast Disorders

140

VII

Contraceptive Methods

141

VIII

Infertility

143

IX

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

143

8

Obstetrics

145

I

Routine Prenatal Care and Prenatal Diagnostic Testing

145

II

Complications of Pregnancy

149

III

Labor and Delivery

157

IV

Puerperium

161

9

Rheumatology and Orthopaedics (Musculoskeletal System)

162

I

Arthritis/Rheumatologic Conditions

162

II

Bone and Joint Disorders

169

III

Fractures, Dislocations, Sprains, and Strains

173

IV

Disorders of the Head and Neck

175

V

Disorders of the Shoulder and Upper Extremity

176

VI

Disorders of the Back

182

VII

Disorders of the Hip and Lower Extremity

185

10

Endocrinology

189

I

Thyroid Disorders

189

II

Parathyroid Disorders

192

III

Diabetes Mellitus

194

IV

Adrenal Disorders

198

V

Pituitary Disorders

199

VI

Other Endocrine Disorders

201

11

Neurology

204

I

Cerebrovascular Disease

204

II

Seizure Disorders

206

III

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

207

IV

Dementia

208

V

Headache

210

VI

Movement Disorders

211

VII

Diseases of Peripheral Nerves

213

VIII

CNS Infection

216

IX

CNS Trauma

218

X

Primary CNS Neoplasms

220

XI

Sleep Disorders

221

12

Psychiatry

222

I

Diagnosis of Psychiatric Disorders

222

II

Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

222

III

Somatoform Disorders

224

IV

Mood Disorders

227

V

Personality Disorders

231

VI

Anxiety Disorders

235

VII

Eating Disorders

239

VIII

Substance Abuse Disorders

241

IX

Childhood Disorders

242

X

Abuse and Neglect

244

XI

Rape Crisis

246

XII

Uncomplicated Bereavement

246

13

Dermatology

247

I

Diagnosis

247

II

Maculopapular and Plaque Disorders

248

III

Vesiculobullous Disorders

253

IV

Papulopustular Inflammatory Disorders

254

V

Localized Skin Infections

257

VI

Dermatophytosis

258

VII

Parasitic Infestations

259

VIII

Warts (Verrucae)

260

IX

Tumors

261

X

Ulcers, Burns, and Wounds

262

XI

Hair and Nails

263

XII

Pigmentation Disorders

264

XIII

Angioedema and Urticaria

264

14

Infectious Disease

266

I

Fever

266

II

Bacterial Infections

266

III

Viral Infections

272

IV

Fungal Infections

282

V

Parasitic Infections

284

VI

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

287

VII

Spirochetal Infections

290

15

Surgery

292

I

Patient History

292

II

Preoperative Evaluation

292

III

Trauma

298

IV

Burns

301

V

Orthopaedic Injuries

304

VI

Postoperative Complications

304

16

Geriatrics

308

I

Background

308

II

Patient Care

308

III

Selected Common Diseases and Disorders with Unique Features in the Elderly

317

IV

Legal and Ethical Issues

320

17

Pediatrics

322

I

Examination of the Newborn

322

II

Problems Common to the Term Newborn

326

III

Developmental Milestones and Disorders

328

IV

Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Chromosomal Abnormalities, and Common Dysmorphic Syndromes

331

V

Failure to Thrive, Growth Delay, and Selected Nutritional Disorders of Childhood

334

VI

Immunization of Infants and Children

336

VII

Common Pediatric Poisonings

339

VIII

Common Pediatric Disorders

341

Index

343