Dr. John Charles Boileau Grant

vi

Preface

vii

Acknowledgments

viii

List of Tables

xi

Table and Figure Credits

xiii

1

Thorax

1

Pectoral Region

2

Breast

4

Bony Thorax and Joi nts

12

Thoracic Wall

19

Thoracic Contents

27

Pleural Cavities

30

Mediastinum

31

Lungs and Pleura

32

Bronchi and Bronchopulmonary Segments

38

Innervation and Lymphatic Drainage of Lungs

44

External Heart

46

Coronary Vessels

56

Conduction System of Heart

60

Internal Heart and Valves

61

Superior Mediastinum and Great Vessels

68

Diaphragm

75

Posterior Thorax

76

Overview of Autonomic Innervation

86

Overview of Lymphatic Drainage of Thorax

88

Sectional Anatomy and Imaging

90

2

Abdomen

97

Overview

98

Anterolateral Abdominal Wall

100

Inguinal Region

110

Testis

120

Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity

122

Digestive System

132

Stomach

133

Pancreas, Duodenum, and Spleen

136

Intestines

140

Liver and Gallbladder

150

Biliary Ducts

160

Portal Venous System

164

Posterior Abdominal Viscera

166

Kidneys

169

Posterolateral Abdominal Wall

173

Diaphragm

178

Abdominal Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava

179

Autonomic Innervation

180

Lymphatic Drainage

186

Sectional Anatomy and Imaging

190

3

IPPP Pelvis and Perineum

197

Pelvic Girdle

198

Ligaments of Pelvic Girdle

205

Floor and Walls of Pelvis

206

Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses

210

Peritoneal Reflections in Pelvis

212

Rectum and Anal Canal

214

Organs of Male Pelvis

220

Vessels of Male Pelvis

228

Lymphatic Drainage of Male Pelvis and Perineum

232

Innervation of Male Pelvic Organs

234

Organs of Female Pelvis

236

Vessels of Female Pelvis

242

Lymphatic Drainage of Female Pelvis and Perineum

248

Innervation of Female Pelvic Organs

250

Subperitoneal Region of Pelvis

254

Surface Anatomy of Perineum

256

Overview of Male and Female Perineum

258

Male Perineum

265

Female Perineum

273

Imaging and Sectional Anatomy of Pelvis and Perineum

280

4

Back

289

Overview of Vertebral Column

290

Cervical Spine

298

Craniovertebral Joints

302

Thoracic Spine

304

Lumbar Spine

306

Ligaments and Intervertebral Discs

308

Bones, Joints, and Ligaments of Pelvic Girdle

313

Anomalies of Vertebrae

320

Muscles of Back

322

Suboccipital Region

332

Spinal Cord and Meninges

336

Vertebral Venous Plexuses

344

Components of Spinal Nerves

345

Dermatomes and Myotomes

348

Autonomic Nerves

350

Imaging of Vertebral Column

354

5

Lower Limb

357

Systemic Overview of Lower Limb: Bones

358

Systemic Overview of Lower Limb: Nerves

362

Systemic Overview of Lower Limb: Blood Vessels

370

Systemic Overview of Lower Limb: Lymphatics

374

Systemic Overview of Lower Limb; Musculofascial Compartments

376

Retro-Inguinai Passage and Femoral Triangle

378

Anterior and Medial Compartments of Thigh

382

Lateral Thigh

389

Bones and Muscle Attachments of Thigh

390

Gluteal Region and Posterior Compartment of Thigh

392

Hip Joint

402

Knee Region

410

Knee Joint

416

Anterior and Lateral Compartments of Leg, Dorsum of Foot

430

Posterior Compartment of Leg

440

Tibiofibular Joints

450

Sole of Foot

451

Ankle, Subtalar, and Foot Joints

456

Arches of Foot

474

Bony Anomalies

475

Imaging and Sectional Anatomy

476

6

Upper Limb

481

Systemic Overview of Upper Limb: Bones

482

Systemic Overview of Upper Limb: Nerves

488

Systemic Overview of Upper Limb: Arteries

494

Systemic Overview of Upper Limb: Veins and Lymphatics

496

Systemic Overview of Upper Limb: Musculofascial Compartments

500

Pectoral Region

502

Axilia, Axillary Vessels, and Brachiai Plexus

509

Scapular Region and Superficial Back

520

Arm and Rotator Cuff

524

Joints of Shoulder Region

538

Elbow Region

546

Elbow Joint

552

Anterior Aspect of Forearm

558

Anterior Aspect of Wrist and Palm of Hand

562

Posterior Aspect of Forearm

582

Posterior Aspect of Wrist and Dorsum of Hand

586

Lateral Aspect of Wrist and Hand

592

Medial Aspect of Wrist and Hand

595

Bones and Joints of Wrist and Hand

596

Function of Hand: Grips and Pinches

604

Imaging and Sectional Anatomy

605

7

Head

611

Cranium

612

Face and Scalp

632

Meninges and Meningeal Spaces

641

Cranial Base and Cranial Nerves

646

Blood Supply of Brain

652

Orbit and Eyeball

656

Parotid Region

668

Temporal Region and Infratemporal Fossa

670

Temporomandibular Joint

678

Tongue

682

Palate

688

Teeth

691

Nose, Paranasal Sinuses, and Pterygopalatine Fossa

696

Ear

709

Lymphatic Drainage of Head

722

Autonomic Innervation of Head

723

Imaging of Head

724

Neuroanatomy: Overview and Ventricular System

728

Telencephalon (Cerebrum) and Diencephalon

731

Brainstem and Cerebellum

740

Imaging of Brain

746

Neck

751

Subcutaneous Structures and Cervical Fascia

752

Skeleton of Neck

756

Regions of Neck

758

Lateral Region (Posterior Triangle) of Neck

760

Anterior Region (Anterior Triangle) of Neck

764

Neurovascular Structures of Neck

768

Visceral Compartment of Neck

774

Root and Prevertebral Region of Neck

778

Submandibular Region and Floor of Mouth

784

Posterior Cervical Region

789

Pharynx

792

Isthmus of Fauces

798

Larynx

804

Sectional Anatomy and Imaging of Neck

812

9

Cranial Nerves

817

Overview of Cranial Nerves

818

Cranial Nerve Nuclei

822

Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory

824

Cranial Nerve II: Optic

825

Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI: Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducent

827

Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal

830

Cranial Nerve VII: Facial

837

Cranial Nerve VIII: Vestibulocochlear

838

Cranial Nerve IX: Glossopharyngeal

840

Cranial Nerve X: Vagus

843

Cranial Nerve XI: Spinal Accessory

844

Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal

845

Summary of Autonomic Ganglia of Head

846

Summary of Cranial Nerve Lesions

847

Sectional Imaging of Cranial Nerves

848

References

851

Index

853