SECTION 1

SOFT TISSUE INTRODUCTION

Introduction and Overview

Overview of Grading and Staging   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

1-2

Molecular Pathology

Translocations and Other Genetic Anomalies in Sarcomas   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

1-4

Examination of Soft Tissue Tumors

Protocol for the Examination of Soft Tissue Tumors

1-6

Immunohistochemistry

Soft Tissue Immunohistochemistry   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

1-12

SECTION 2

ADIPOSE TISSUE LESIONS

Benign

Overview of Lipoblasts and Mimics   David R. Lucas, MD

2-2

Lipoma   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

2-4

Lipomatosis   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

2-6

Angiolipoma   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

2-8

Myolipoma   Jonathan B. McHugh, MD

2-10

Myelolipoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

2-12

Spindle Cell/Pleomorphic Lipoma   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

2-14

Hibernoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

2-18

Lipoblastoma and Lipoblastomatosis   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

2-20

Chondroid Lipoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

2-22

Intermediate

Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

2-24

Malignant

Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

2-30

Myxoid Liposarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

2-36

Pleomorphic Liposarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

2-42

Mixed Liposarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

2-48

SECTION 3

FIBROBLASTIC/MYOFIBROBLASTIC LESIONS

Benign

Keloid and Cellular Scar   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

3-2

Elastofibroma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

3-4

Nuchal and Gardner Fibroma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-6

Nuchal Fibrocartilaginous Pseudotumor   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

3-8

Fibroma of Tendon Sheath   David R. Lucas, MD

3-10

Pleomorphic Fibroma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

3-12

Storiform Collagenoma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

3-14

Calcifying Aponeurotic Fibroma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-16

Calcifying Fibrous Tumor   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-18

Reactive Nodular Fibrous Pseudotumor of Mesentery   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-20

Sclerosing Fibroinflammatory Lesions   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-22

Inclusion Body Fibromatosis   Thomas Mentzel, MD

3-26

Gingival Fibromatosis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-30

Fibromarosis Colli   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

3-32

Juvenile Hyaline Fibromatosis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

3-34

Desmoplastic Fibroblastoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

3-36

Nodular Fasciitis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-38

Proliferative Fasciitis/Myositis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-44

Ischemic Fasciitis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-46

Fibrous Hamartoma of infancy   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

3-48

Myofibroma and Myofibromatosis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-50

Dermatomyofibroma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

3-54

Giant Cell Angiofibroma   Amitabh Srivaatava, MD

3-56

Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma   Lester Thompson, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

3-58

Intermediate

Fibromatosis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-62

Lipofibromatosis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-68

Solitary Fibrous Tumor   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

3-70

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-74

Low-Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma   Thomas Mentzet, MD

3-78

Infantile Fibrosarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

3-84

Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

3-88

Malignant

Adult-Type Fibrosarcoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

3-94

Myxofibrosarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

3-96

Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

3-102

Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

3-106

SECTION 4

FIBROHISTIOCYTIC LESIONS

Benign

Dermatofibroma (Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma)   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

4-2

Deep Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

4-8

Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath   David R. Lucas, MD

4-10

Diffuse-Type Giant Cell Tumor   David R. Lucas, MD

4-14

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

4-18

Reticulohistiocytoma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

4-20

Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

4-24

Miscellaneous Xanthomas   Jonathan B. McHugh, MD

4-26

Plexiform Xanthoma   Jonathan B. McHugh, MD

4-30

Cellular Neurothekeoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

4-32

Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

4-36

Intermediate

Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans   Thomas Mentzel, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

4-38

Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Tumor   Julie C. Fanburg-Smith, MD and Aaron Auerbach, MD

4-44

Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue   David R. Lucas, MD

4-46

Atypical Fibroxanthoma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

4-50

Malignant

Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

4-54

Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma with Giant Cells   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

4-58

Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma with Prominent Inflammation   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

4-60

SECTION 5

GENITAL STROMAL TUMORS

Benign

Fibroepithelial Stromal Polyp   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

5-2

Deep (Aggressive) Angiomyxoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

5-4

Angiomyofibroblastoma   Marisa Nucci, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

5-6

Cellular Angiofibroma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

5-8

Superficial Cervicovaginal Myofibroblastoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

5-10

SECTION 6

MESOTHELIAL LESIONS

Benign

Adenomatoid Tumor   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

6-2

Multicystic Peritoneal Mesothelioma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

6-4

Well-Differentiated Papillary Mesothelioma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

6-6

Malignant

Malignant Mesothelioma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

6-8

Examination of Mesothelioma Specimens

Protocol for the Examination of Mesothelioma Specimens

6-14

SECTION 7

MYOEPITHELIAL LESIONS

Intermediate

Myoepithelioma/Mixed Tumor/Parachordoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

7-2

SECTION 8

NERVE SHEATH LESIONS

Benign

Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

8-2

Neuroma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

8-4

Dermal Nerve Sheath Myxoma   David R. Lucas, MD

8-8

Schwannoma   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

8-12

Neurofibroma   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

8-18

Perineurioma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

8-24

Benign/Malignant

Granular Cell Tumor   Lester Thompson, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

8-30

Malignant

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor   David R. Lucas, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

8-34

SECTION 9

Neural and Neuroectodermal Lesions

Benign

Nasal Glioma   Steven D. Billings, MD

9-2

Ectopic Meningioma   Lester Thompson, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

9-4

Ependymoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

9-6

Ganglioneuroma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

9-8

Benign/Malignant

Paraganglioma   Nina Gale, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

9-10

Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy   Jeremy Wallentine, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

9-14

Malignant

Ewing Sarcoma/PNET of Soft Tissue   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

9-18

Neuroblastoma and Ganglioneuroblastoma   Jessica Comstock, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

9-24

Ectomesenchymoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

9-34

Examination of PNET/Ewing Sarcoma Specimens

Protocol for the Examination of PNET/Ewing Sarcoma Specimens

9-36

SECTION 10

OSSEOUS AND CHONDROID LESIONS

Benign

Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva   Elizabeth A, Montgomery, MD

10-2

Myositis Ossificans   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

10-4

Fibroosseous Pseudotumor   David R. Lucas, MD

10-6

Heterotopic Mesenteric Ossification   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

10-10

Osteoma Cutis   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

10-12

Soft Tissue Chondroma   David R. Lucas, MD

10-14

Synovial Chondromatosis   David R. Lucas, MD

10-18

Malignant

Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma   David R. Lucas, MD

10-22

Extraskeletal Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma   David R. Lucas, MD

10-26

SECTION 11

PERICYTIC LESIONS

Benign or Malignant

Hemangiopericytoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

11-2

Myopericytoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

11-4

Sinonasal Hemangiopericytoma   Jonathan B. McHugh, MD

11-12

Glomus Tumors   Thomas Mentzel, MD

11-18

SECTION 12

SKELETAL MUSCLE LESIONS

Inflammatory Lesions

Focal Myositis   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

12-2

Benign

Rhabdomyoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

12-4

Malignant

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma   Khln Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

12-8

Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

12-14

Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

12-20

Sclerosing Pseudovascular Rhabdomyosarcoma   David R. Lucas, MD

12-26

Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

12-30

Examination of Rhabdomyosarcoma Specimens

Protocol for the Examination of Rhabdomyosarcoma Specimens

12-32

SECTION 13

SMOOTH MUSCLE LESIONS

Benign

Congenital Smooth Muscle Hamartoma   Steven D. Billings, MD

13-2

Superficial Leiomyoma   Jonathan B. McHugh, MD

13-4

Deep Leiomyoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

13-8

Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

13-12

Intravascular Leiomyomatosis   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

13-14

Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

13-16

Mammary-Type Myofibroblastoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

13-18

Palisaded Myofibroblastoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

13-20

Malignant

Leiomyosarcoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

13-22

SECTION 14

VASCULAR LESIONS

Benign

Bacillary Angiomatosis   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-2

Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

14-4

Capillary, Venous, and Cavernous Hemangiomas   Amitabh Srivastava, MD

14-6

Intramuscular Hemangioma   Jonathan B. McHugh, MD

14-10

Sinusoidal Hemangioma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-14

Microvenular Hemangioma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-16

Hobnail Hemangioma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-18

Glomeruloid Hemangioma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-20

Acquired Tufted Angioma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-22

Spindle Cell Hemangioma  Steven D. Billings, MD

14-24

Epithelioid Hemangioma   Steven D. Billings, MD

14-26

Angiomatosis   David R. Lucas, MD

14-30

Lymphangioma and Lymphangiomatosis   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-32

Progressive Lymphangioma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-36

Massive Localized Lymphedema in Morbid Obesity   Steven D. Billings, MD

14-38

Intermediate

Atypical Vascular Proliferation   Thomas Mentzel, MD

14-40

Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma   Steven D. Billings, MD

14-44

Retiform Hemangioendothelioma   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

14-46

Papillary Intralympharic Angioendothelioma (Dabska)   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD and Julie C. Fanburg-Smith, MD

14-48

Composite Hemangioendothelioma   David R. Lucas, MD

14-50

Epithelioid Sarcoma-Like Hemangioendothelioma   Steven D. Billings, MD

14-52

Kaposi Sarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

14-54

Malignant

Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

14-62

Cutaneous Angiosarcoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

14-68

Angiosarcoma of Soft Tissue   Thomas Mentzel, MD

14-74

SECTION 15

LESIONS OF UNCERTAIN DIFFERENTIATION

Benign

Intramuscular Myxoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

15-2

Juxtaarticular Myxoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

15-4

Superficial Angiomyxoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

15-6

Superficial Acral Fibromyxoma   Thomas Mentzel, MD

15-8

Hemosiderotic Fibrohistiocytic Lipomatous Lesion   Julie C. Fanburg-Smith, MD and Aaron Aucrbach, MD

15-12

Pleomorphic Hyalinizing Angiectatic Tumor   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-14

Ectopic Hamartomatous Thymoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

15-18

Paraganglioma-Like Dermal Melanocytic Tumor   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-20

Dermal Clear Cell Mesenchymal Neoplasm   David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

15-22

Intermediate

Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

15-24

Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-30

Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

15-34

Malignant

Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma   David R. Lucas, MD

15-36

Synovial Sarcoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-40

Epithelioid Sarcoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-48

Extrarenal Rhabdoid Tumor   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-54

Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma   Julie C. Fanburg-Smith, MD and Aaron Auerbach, MD

15-58

Clear Cell Sarcoma   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

15-62

Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor   Saul Suster, MD, Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-68

PEComa   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

15-72

Intimal Sarcoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

15-76

SECTION 16

OTHER LESIONS

Benign

Amyloidoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

16-2

Mycobacterial Pseudotumor   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

16-4

Silicone Reaction   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

16-6

Polyvinylpyrrolidone Storage Disease   Michael R. Lewin-Smith, MD and Julie C. Fanburg-Smith, MD

16-8

Crystal-Storing Histiocytosis   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

16-10

Granular Histiocytic Reacton   Julie C. Fanburg-Smith, MD and Aaron Auerbach, MD

16-12

Tumoral Calcinosis   Julie C. Fanburg-Smith, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

16-14

Rosai-Dorfman Disease of Soft Tissue   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

16-16

Malignant

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor   Elizabeth A. Montgomery, MD

16-20

Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma   Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

16-30

Interdigitating Reticulum Cell Sarcoma   Wesley O. Greaves, MD, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, MD and Cyril Fisher, MD, DSc, FRCPath

16-34

Lymphoma of Soft Tissue   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

16-38

Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma   Khin Thway, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath

16-40

Examination of CIST Specimens

Protocol for the Examination of GIST Specimens

16-42

SECTION 17

ANTIBODY INDEX

Antibody Index

17-2