9781933864181

Table of Contents


	Foreword	xiii
	Preface	xv
	Acknowledgments	xvii
	Contributors	xix
	Introduction: Board Certification	xxiii
1	Stroke Richard D. Zorowitz, MD, Edgardo Baerga, MD, and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD	1
	Introduction	1
	Basic Neuroanatomical Review of the Major Vessels Involved in Stroke	3
	Types of Stroke	6
	Diagnostic Studies	17
	Medical Treatment	20
	Stroke Rehabilitation	25
2	Traumatic Brain Injury Elie Elovic, MD, Edgardo Baerga, MD, Gary F. Galang, MD, and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD	49
	Introduction	49
	Pathophysiology of TBI	51
	Disorders of Consciousness	55
	Posturing Secondary to Head Injury	57
	Prognosis After TBI: An Evidence-Based Approach	58
	Medical Management of TBI	66
	Surgical Management in TBI	69
	Medical and Neurologic Complications After TBI	71
	Mild TBI (Concussion) and Postconcussive Syndrome	90
3	Rheumatology Thomas R. Nucatola, MD, Eric D. Freeman, DO, and David P. Brown, DO	95
	Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)	95
	Osteoatthritis (OA)	108
	Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)	111
	Juvenile Spondyloarthropathies	113
	Crystal Induced Synovitis	115
	Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies (SEA)	117
	Other Rhematoid Diseases	124
	Vasculitides	128
	Sj�gren�s Syndrome	130
	Infectious Arthritides	130
	Deposition/Storage Diseases and Arthritis	132
	Other Systemic Diseases with Arthritis	133
	Charcot Joint (Neuropathic Arthropathy)	134
	Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS)	137
	Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)	139
	Tendon Disorders	142
4	Musculoskeletal Medicine	147
	Upper Extremities David P. Brawn, DO, Eric D. Freeman, DO, and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD
	Lower Extremities David P. Brown, DO, Eric D. Freeman, DO, and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD
	Spine Ted L. Freeman, DO and Eric D. Freeman, DO
	Upper Extremities: The Shoulder Region	147
	Shoulder Disorders	154
	Upper Extremities: The Elbow Region	177
	Elbow Disorders	180
	Upper Extremities: The Wrist Region	192
	Wrist Disorders	194
	Upper Extremities: The Hand Region	203
	Hand Disorders	205
	Lower Extremities: The Hip and Pelvis	210
	Hip Disorders	218
	Lower Extremities: The Knee	233
	Knee Disorders	242
	Lower Extremities: The Lower Leg	252
	Disorders of the Lower Leg	254
	Lower Extremity: The Ankle and Foot	259
	Disorders of the Ankle	262
	Foot Disorders	274
	Toe Disorders: Hammer Toe, Claw Toe, and Mallet Toe	276
	Joint Injections and Aspirations	279
	Spine Rehabilitation	283
	Disc Disorders	296
	Bone Disorders of the Spine	306
	Joint Disorders of the Spine	316
	Soft Tissue Disorders of the Spine	319
	Infectious Disorders of the Spine	323
5	Electrodiagnostic Medicine and Clinical Neuromuscular Physiology Ted L. Freeman, DO, Ernest W. Johnson, MD, Eric D. Freeman, DO, and David P. Brown, DO	337
	Introduction	337
	Basic Peripheral Nervous System Anatomy	337
	Fathophysiology	347
	Clinical Instrumentation	352
	Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS)	358
	Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEP)	372
	Basic Needle Electromyography (EMG)	374
	Radiculopathy	387
	Plexopathy	390
	Upper Limb Mononeuropathy	398
	Lower Limb Mononeuropathy	417
	Peripheral Neuropathy	428
	Neuromuscular Junction Disorders	437
	Myopathy	444
	Motor Neuron Disease	451
	Weakness: Differential Diagnosis	454
6	Prosthetics and Orthotics Heikki Uustal, MD and Edgardo Baerga, MD	457
	Gait Analysis	457
	Prosthetics	463
	Assistive Devices�Ambulation Aids	505
	Shoes and Lower Limb Orthoses	507
	Orthotics	513
	Lower-Extremity Orthses for Presssure Redistribution	519
	Spinal Orthoses	527
7	Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI) Steven Kirshblum, MD, Priscila Gonzalez, MD, Jeremiah Nieves, MD Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD, and Lisa Luciano, DO	535
	Epidemiology	535
	Spine Anatomy	537
	Spinal Pathology	541
	MCI Classification	547
	Medical Complications of SCI	562
	Pain the SCI Patient	595
	Pressure Ulcers (PU)	601
8	Physical Modalities, Therapeutic Exercise, Extended Bedrest, and Aging Effects Thomas E. Strax, MD, Martin Grabois, MD, Priscila Gonzalez, MD, Steven V. Escatdi, DO, and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD	609
	Physical Modalities	609
	Therapeutic Exercise	627
	Effects of Extended Bedrest: Immobilization and Inactivity	633
	Evaluation of Functional Independence	635
	Physiologic Effects of Aging	637
9	Pulmonary, Cardiac, and Cancer Rehabilitaion	643
	Pulmonary Priscila Gonzalez, MD, Nicholas G. Melillo, MD, Daniel Suffin, MD, and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD
	Cardiac Iqbal Jafri, MD
	Cancer Priscila Gonzalez, MD, Lisa Luciano, DO, and Richard M. Schuman, MD, FACP
	Pulmonary Rehabilitation	643
	Cardiac Rehabilitation	670
	Cancer Rehabilitation	693
10	Pediatric Rehabilitation Roger Rossi, DO, Michael Alexander, MD, and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD	713
	Genetics and Chromosomal Abnormalities	713
	Development and Growth	715
	Pediatric Limb Deficiencies	721
	Diseases of the Bones and Joints	726
	Connective Tissue and Joint Disease	737
	Pediatric Burns	748
	Pediatric Cancers	753
	Peiatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)	755
	Cerebral Palsy (CP)	761
	Spina Bifida (Myelodysplasia)	780
	Neuromuscular Diseases in Children	789
11	Associated Topics in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation	809
	Spasticity Elie Elovic, MD, Edgardo Baerga, MD, and Brian F. White, DO
	Movement Disorders Elie Elovic, MD, Edgardo Baerga, MD, and Margaret Donlon, MD
	Wheelchairs Steven Kirshblum, MD, Lisa Luciano, DO, Mary T. Shea, MA, OTR, ATP, and Sean Mccarthy, MS, OTR, ATP
	Multiple Sclerosis David S. Rosenblum, MD
	Osteoporosis Barbara Hoffer, DO and Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD
	Burns Alan W. Young, DO
	Biostatistics Joseph Lee, MD, Kathy Kalmar, Phd, Bart K. Holland, Phd, and Heather Platt, MD
	Spasticity	809
	Movement Disorders	822
	Wheelchairs	832
	Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	849
	Osteoporosis	858
	Rehabilitation of Burn Injuries	873
	Biostatistics	883
	Epilogue Thomas E. Starx, MD	891
	Index	893