PART A

INTRODUCTION

1

Brain Tumors   Saverio Pollicc, Gilda Morlino, Michela Capuano and Tommaso Scarabino

3

PART B

TREATMENT OF GLIOMAS

2

Surgery   Vincenzo D’angelo, Raniero Mignini and Tommaso Scarabino

13

3

Radiation Therapy   Santa Bambace, Stefania Carbone and Tommaso Scarabino

17

4

Chemotherapy   Evaristo Maiello, Lucia Lombardi, Mario Brandi and Tommaso Scarabino

21

5

Future Developments   Saverio Pollice, Gilda Morlino, Michela Capuano and Tommaso Scarabino

23

PART C

POST-TREATMENT NEURORADIOLOGIC IMAGING

6

Magnetic Resonance Techniques   Saverio Pollice, Teresa Popolizio and Tommaso Scarabino

27

7

Postsurgical Morphologic Mr Imaging   Ferdinando Caranci, Saverio Pollice and Tommaso Scarabino

33

8

Post Radiation-Therapy Morphologic Mr Imaging   Mario Muto, Saverio Pollice and Tommaso Scarabino

37

9

Post Chemotherapy Morphologic Mr Imaging   Teresa Popolizio, Saverio Pollice and Tommaso Scarabino

41

10

Advanced Mr Imaging   Teresa Popolizio, Saverio Pollice and Tommaso Scarabino

45

PART D

CLINICAL CASES

Case 1

Early Sequelae. Postoperative Ct Scan in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Ferdinando Caranci, Andrea Etefante and Arturo Brunetti

53

Case 2

Early and Late Sequelae: Evolution of Postsurgical Area. Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Ferdinando Caranci, Francesco Briganti and Arturo Brunetti

55

Case 3

Late Sequelae: Gtiotic Scar Formation Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Grade Ii Oligoastrocytoma   Bianca Cusati, Ferdinando Caranci and Alfonso Ragozzino

57

Case 4

Early Complications: Epidural Hematoma Postoperative Ct in Pilocytic Astrocytoma   Ferdinando Caranci, Andrea Elefante and Arturo Brunetti

59

Case 5

Early Complications: Perilesional Ischemia Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Ferdinando Caranci, Enrico Tedeschi and Arturo Brunetti

61

Case 6

Late Complications: Subdural Empyema Ct/Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Alessandro Stecco, Francesco Fabbiano, Mariangela Lombardi, Sara Zizzari, Gerardo Di Nardo, Andrea Pietro Sponghini, Lucrezia Emanueia Guerra and Alessandro Carriero

63

Case 7

Late Complications: Abscess Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Ferdinando Caranci, Alessandra D’amico and Sossio Cirillo

65

Case 8

Early Residual Tumor Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Luigi Cirillo, Antonella Bacci, Raffaele Agati and Marco Leonardi

67

Case 9

Late Residual Tumor Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Low-Grade Astrocytoma   Ferdinando Caranci, Francesco Briganti and Arturo Brunetti

69

Case 10

Low-Grade Residual Tumor Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma   Alessandro Stecco, Francesco Fabbiano, Sara Zizzari, Gerardo Di Nardo, Mariangela Lombardi, Andrea Pietro Sponghini and Alessandro Carriero

73

Case 11

Medium-Low-Grade Residual Tumor Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Astrocytoma   Alessandro Stecco, Sara Zizzari, Francesco Fabbiano, Gerardo Di Nardo, Mariangela Lombardi, Emanuele Malatesta and Alessandro Carriero

79

Case 12

Medium-Low-Grade Residual Tumor Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Fibrillar Astrocytoma   Alessandro Stecco, Sara Zizzari, Francesco Fabbiano, Gerardo Di Nardo, Mariangela Lombardi, Giuseppe Fiscer and Alessandro Carriero

81

Case 13

Medium-Low-Grade Residual Tumor Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma   Alessandro Stecco, Francesco Fabbiano, Sara Zizzari, Gerardo Di Nardo, Mariangela Lombardi, Lorenzo Fortunelli and Alessandro Carriero

85

Case 14

High-Grade Residual Tumor Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Gemistocytic Astrocytoma   Francesco Fabbiano, Alessandro Stecco, Sara Zizzari, Gerardo Di Nardo, Anthony Azubuike Obaze, Mariangela Lombardi and Alessandro Carriero

89

Case 15

High-Grade Residual Tumor Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Low-Grade Oligoastrocytoma and Following Anaplastic Transformation   Alessandro Stecco, Sara Zizzari, Francesco Fabbiano, Gerardo Di Nardo, Mariangela Lombardi, Ignazio Divenuto and Alessandro Carriero

93

Case 16

Stable Disease Multimodal CT/MR Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Sara Zizzari, Alessandro Stecco, Mariangela Lombardi, Gerardo Di Nardo, Francesco Fabbiano, Andrea Pietro Sponghini and Alessandro Carriero

95

Case 17

Stable Disease Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Gabriele Polonara, Lorenzo Alvaro and Nathalie Herber

99

Case 18

Stable Disease 3T Multimodal Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Tommaso Scarabino, Teresa Popolizio, Saverio Pollice, Vincenzo D’angelo and Alfonso Di Costanzo

107

Case 19

Stable Disease 3t Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in High-Grade Oligodendroglioma   Massimo Caulo, Chiara Briganti, Valentina Panara, Simone Salice, Domenico Tortora and Armando Tartaro

111

Case 20

Tumor Recurrence Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Grade II Oligodendroglioma   Ferdinando Caranci, Alessandra D’amico and Sossio Cirillo

113

Case 21

Tumor Recurrence Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Gliosarcoma   Ferdinando Caranci, Antonio Volpe and Arturo Brunetti

115

Case 22

Tumor Recurrence Postoperative Mr Follow-U P in Low-Grade a Strocytoma   Ferdinando Caninci, Antonio Volpe and Arturo Brunetti

117

Case 23

Tumor Recurrence Postoperative Mr Follow-Up in Anaplastic Oligoastrocy Toma   Ferdinando Caranci and Sossio Cirillo

119

Case 24

Tumor Progression/Recurrence Multimodal Ctymr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Alessandro Stecco, Sara Zizzari, Francesco Fabbiano, Gerardo Di Nardo, Andrea Pietro Sponghini, Mariangela Lombardi and Alessandro Carriero

121

Case 25

Tumor Progression/Recurrence Multimodal Ctymr Follow-Up in Anaplastic Astrocytoma   Alessandro Stecco, Francesco Fabbiano, Sara Zizzari, Gerardo Di Nardo, Mariangela Lombardi, Ignazio Divenuto and Alessandro Carriero

123

Case 26

Tumor Progression/Recurrence Multimodal Ct/Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Alessandro Stecco, Mariangela Lombardi, Francesco Fabbiano, Gerardo Di Nardo, Sara Zizzari, Andrea Pietro Sponghini and Alessandro Carriero

127

Case 27

Local and Distant Recurrence 3T Multimodal Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Tommaso Scarabino, Teresa Popolizio, Saverio Pollice, Vincenzo D’angelo and Alfonso Di Costanzo

131

Case 28

Tumor Recurrence 3T Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Low-Grade Astrocy Toma With Anaplastic Appearance   Massimo Caulo, Chiara Briganti, Valentina Panara, Simone Salice, Domenico Tbrtora and Armando Tartaro

135

Case 29

Tumor Progression Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Mario Muto and Alessandra D’ Amico

137

Case 30

Tumor Progression Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Gabriele Polonara, Lorenzo Alvaro and Francesco Sessa

143

Case 31

Tumor Progression Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma Multiforme   Gabriele Polonara, Lorenzo Alvaro and Luana Regnicolo

151

Case 32

Radionecrosis Mr Follow-Up in Metastasis from Breast Cancer   Mario Muto and Fabio Zeccolini

157

Case 33

Radionecrosis Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Metastasis from Breast Cancer   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

159

Case 34

Radionecrosis Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Gliohlastoma   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascaviila, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

161

Case 35

Late Radionecrosis CT/MR Performed in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma   Tommaso Scarabino, Saverio Pollice, Gilda Morlino, Michela Capuano, Angela Lorusso and Alberto Maggialetti

163

Case 36

Late Radionecrosis CT/MR Follow-Up in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

167

Case 37

Late Radionecrosis Postoperative and Post-Radiation Therapy Follow-Up in Meningioma   Ferdinando Caranci and Sossio Cirillo

169

Case 38

Radionecrosis 3T Multimodal Mr Follow-Up in a Naplastk Astrocytoma   Tomrnaso Scarabino, Teresa Popolizio, Saverio Pollice, Vincenzo D’angelo and Alfonso Di Costanzo

173

Case 39

Radiation-Induced Leukoencephalopathy Mr Follow-Up After Whole Brain Radiation Therapy   Mario Muto and Alessandra D’amico

175

Case 40

Radiation Therapy-Induced Tumor Pseudoprogression Mr Follow-Up in Pilocytic Astrocytoma   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casilio and Alessandra Stranieri

179

Case 41

Chemotherapy-Induced Tumor Pseudoprogression, 3T Mr Follow-Up in Glioblastoma   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

183

Case 42

Chemotherapy-Induced Tumor Pseudoprogression with Disease Progression 3T Morphofunctional Mr Follow-Up in Anaplastic a Strocytoma   Massimo Caulo, Chiara Briganti, Valentina Panara, Simone Salice, Domenico Tortora and Armando Tartaro

187

Case 43

Drug-Induced Leukoencephalopathy Mr Follow-Up After Corticosteroid Therapy   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

191

Case 44

Drug-Induced Leukoencephalopathy Mr Follow-Up After Methotrexate Therapy   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

193

Case 45

Drug-Induced Thrombosis Mr Follow-Up After L-Asparaginase Therapy   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

195

Case 46

Pres (Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome) Mr Follow-Up After Cyclosporine Therapy:   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

197

Case 47

Pres (Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome) Mr Follow-Up After Cisplatin Therapy   Teresa Popolizio, Maria Teresa Cascavilla, Nicola Sforza, Antonio Casillo and Alessandra Stranieri

199

Case 48

Morphofunctional Mr in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Cerebral Gliomas   Tommaso Scarabino, Alberto Maggialetti, Saverio Pollice, Angela Lorusso, Gilda Morlino, Michela Capuano and Teresa Popolizio

201

Index

202