This book focuses on critical and in-depth reviews of gene- based therapeutics and their clinical applications. To achieve this, the book will covers a range of up-to-date topics on gene therapy: (i) strategies of genetic manipulation, (ii) targets for intervention, (iii) appropriate vector systems, and (iv) techniques and modes of gene delivery. Consequently, readers of this book will gain a perspective on novel and important areas of cardiovascular gene therapy, as well as new therapeutic approaches combined with different delivery strategies and molecular targets.